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甲状腺髓样癌(medullary thyroid carcinoma,MTC)占所有甲状腺恶性肿瘤的5%~10%[1-2],分为散发型和遗传型两类[3-4],恶性程度介于乳头状癌和未分化癌之间,属于中等恶性肿瘤,其复发率和早期转移率较高,预后相对较差[5-6]。可触及肿瘤的MTC患者,81%存在颈部淋巴结转移,15%出现声音嘶哑或吞咽困难等局部神经浸润的症状,10%发生远处转移[7]。MTC在世界范围内的10年生存率为65%~70%[8],其与病灶是否发生转移直接相关,因此早期诊断及治疗是取得较好疗效的前提。
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