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冠心病是心血管内科患者死亡的最常见原因,据报道显示其发病率超过10%[1]。随着经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)术的不断发展,临床上行PCI的冠心病患者逐渐增多。99Tcm-MIBI心肌灌注显像是可以反映心肌灌注情况的无创性检查,且同时可以获得左室壁运动及心功能等各项指标,其临床应用价值逐渐受到重视[2]。目前已有研究报道99Tcm-MIBI用于冠心病患者危险度分层,可以为患者是否行PCI术的决策提供有力证据[3]。患者行PCI后6个月易发生支架内再狭窄,99Tcm-MIBI用于再狭窄的诊断以及远期预后评估均有较好效果[4-5]。但有关99Tcm-MIBI应用于冠心病患者PCI后近期效果的研究较少。行PCI后的治疗效果判断不应局限于狭窄的血管是否再通,缺血心肌有无回复血流灌注是判断的关键。本研究通过对124例冠心病患者于行PCI前、后行99Tcm-MIBI检查,发现99Tcm-MIBI是判断PCI术后近期疗效和预后的有效方法。现报道如下。
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124例冠心病患者中,PCI术前99Tcm-MIBI-SMPI检查显示可逆性缺损节段272个,不可逆性缺损节段360个,SSS总分为1598分,PCI术后99Tcm-MIBI-SMPI检查显示可逆性缺损节段25个,改善247个(247/272=90.81%),不可逆性缺损节段198个,改善162个(162/360=45.00%),SSS总分为636分。图1为1例冠心病患者PCI术前、后99Tcm-MIBI-SMPI的对比结果,可见患者术前有可逆性缺损2个(前壁近间隔、前上间隔),不可逆性缺损3个(左心室下壁、侧壁、下壁近心底部),术后3处缺损明显改善,2处未改善(左心室下壁、前上间隔)。
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患者PCI术后的心功能参数LVEF、EDV 和ESV较PCI术前均有明显的改善,且差异均有统计学意义(t=−7.450、4.304、12.144,均P<0.01)(表1)。
心功能指标 PCI术前 PCI术后 t值 P值 LVEF(%) 32.86±8.48 40.31±10.52 −7.450 0.001 EDV(mL) 186.74±43.12 162.62±45.12 4.304 0.001 ESV(mL) 132.37±9.28 116.28±11.47 12.144 0.001 注:表中,PCI:经皮冠状动脉介入治疗;LVEF:左心室射血分数;EDV:舒张末容积;ESV:收缩末期容积。 表 1 124例冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术前和术后心功能指标对比
Table 1. Comparison of cardiac function indexes before and after percutaneous coronary intervention in 124 patients with coronary heart disease
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124例患者接受PCI术后,99Tcm-MIBI-SMPI结果显示缺血节段完全改善36例,部分改善62例,未改善26例。99Tcm-MIBI-SMPI显示缺血完全改善、部分改善、未改善的3组患者半年和一年心血管事件总发生率有明显的升高趋势,且差异有统计学意义(χ2=142.668、106.225,均P<0.05)(表2)。
PCI术后缺血节段改善情况 严重心血管事件 一般心血管事件 合计 半年 一年 半年 一年 半年 一年 完全改善(n=36) 0 1 1 2 1 3 部分改善(n=62) 3 5 5 9 8 14 未改善(n=26) 3 4 7 11 10 15 χ2值 142.668 106.225 P值 <0.05 <0.05 注:表中,PCI:经皮冠状动脉介入治疗;严重心血管事件:半年内或1年内发生心肌梗死、心源性死亡;一般心血管事件:半年或1年内再次行PCI或心脏搭桥术、再次出现心绞痛症状。 表 2 124例不同缺血程度的冠心病患者发生心血管事件的 情况(例)
Table 2. Comparison of death and acute cardiovascular events in 124 patients with coronary heart disease of different degrees of ischemia
99Tcm-MIBI心肌灌注显像对行PCI术的冠心病患者中的近期效果的评估作用
The recent effect observation of 99Tcm-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging in coronary heart disease patients with percutaneous coronary intervention
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摘要:
目的 探讨99Tcm-MIBI心肌灌注显像(99Tcm-MIBI)对行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术的冠心病患者近期疗效的评估作用。 方法 收集2014年10月至2017年3月于重庆市涪陵中心医院行PCI术的冠心病患者124例,其中,男性68例、女性56例,年龄43~79(61.89±17.21)岁。术前3 d内给予负荷心肌灌注显像(99Tcm-MIBI-SMPI)和静息心肌灌注显像(99Tcm-MIBI-RMPI)检查,术后3 d内给予99Tcm-MIBI-SMPI检查。所有患者均进行为期1年的电话随访,按缺血完全改善、部分改善、未改善分为3组,统计发生一般心血管事件和严重心血管事件的例数。两组间计量资料的比较采用student-t检验,计数资料的比较采用χ 2检验。 结果 124例患者中,PCI术前99Tcm-MIBI-SMPI检查显示可逆性缺损节段272个,不可逆性缺损节段360个,总负荷分值(SSS)1598分;PCI术后99Tcm-MIBI-SMPI检查显示可逆性缺损节段25个,改善247个(247/272=90.81%),不可逆性缺损节段198个,改善162个(162/360=45.00%),SSS总分636分。患者PCI术后的心功能参数左心室射血分数、舒张末容积和收缩末期容积较PCI术前均有明显的改善,且差异均有统计学意义(t=−7.450、4.304、12.144,均P<0.01);术后99Tcm-MIBI-SMPI 显示缺血完全改善、部分改善、未改善3组患者半年和一年心血管事件总发生率有明显的升高趋势(χ2=142.668、106.225,均P<0.05)。 结论 99Tcm-MIBI心肌灌注显像检查用于评估冠心病患者行PCI术的近期疗效有较好作用,且对患者的远期预后有一定的预测效果。 -
关键词:
- 心肌灌注显像 /
- 冠心病 /
- 经皮冠状动脉介入治疗
Abstract:Objective To explore the recent effect of 99Tcm-methoxyisobutylisonitrile myocardial perfusion imaging (99Tcm -MIBI) in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods From October 2014 to March 2017, a total of 124 patients [including 68 males and 56 females, aged 43~79 (61.89±17.21)] with CHD undergoing PCI in Fuling central hospital were used as research objects and underwent adenosine-loading myocardial perfusion imaging (99Tcm -MIBI-SMPI) and 99Tcm MIBI rest myocardial perfusion imaging (99Tcm-MIBI-RMPI) within 3 days before PCI and 99Tcm-MIBI-SMPI within 3 days after PCI. All patients were followed up for 1 year via telephone calls. According to complete improvement, partial improvement and no improvement of ischemia, they were divided into three groups. The cases of general cardiovascular events and serious cardiovascular events were calculated. Student-t test was used to compare the measurement data between the two groups, and χ2 test was used to compare the count data. Results In the 124 patients, 99Tcm-MIBI-SMPI examination before PCI showed 272 reversible defect sections and 360 irreversible defect sections. The summed stress score was 1598 points. 99Tcm-MIBI-SMPI examination after PCI showed 25 reversible defect sections, 247 sections (247/272=90.81%) improved, 198 irreversible defect sections, and 162 sections (162/360=45.00%) improved. The summed stress score was 636 points. After PCI, the left ventricular ejection fraction, end diastolic velocity, and end systolic volume of patients showed significant improvement. The differences were statistically significant (t=−7.450, 4.304, 12.144, all P<0.01). Postoperative 99Tcm MIBI-SMPI indicated the completely improved, improved, and partly improved status of the three groups of ischemia patients, and the improvement showed an significantly increased trend in both half year and 1 year total incidence of cardiovascular events (χ2=142.668, 106.225, both P<0.05). Conclusion 99Tcm-MIBI has good effect on CHD patients with PCI and on their long-term prognosis. -
表 1 124例冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术前和术后心功能指标对比
Table 1. Comparison of cardiac function indexes before and after percutaneous coronary intervention in 124 patients with coronary heart disease
心功能指标 PCI术前 PCI术后 t值 P值 LVEF(%) 32.86±8.48 40.31±10.52 −7.450 0.001 EDV(mL) 186.74±43.12 162.62±45.12 4.304 0.001 ESV(mL) 132.37±9.28 116.28±11.47 12.144 0.001 注:表中,PCI:经皮冠状动脉介入治疗;LVEF:左心室射血分数;EDV:舒张末容积;ESV:收缩末期容积。 表 2 124例不同缺血程度的冠心病患者发生心血管事件的 情况(例)
Table 2. Comparison of death and acute cardiovascular events in 124 patients with coronary heart disease of different degrees of ischemia
PCI术后缺血节段改善情况 严重心血管事件 一般心血管事件 合计 半年 一年 半年 一年 半年 一年 完全改善(n=36) 0 1 1 2 1 3 部分改善(n=62) 3 5 5 9 8 14 未改善(n=26) 3 4 7 11 10 15 χ2值 142.668 106.225 P值 <0.05 <0.05 注:表中,PCI:经皮冠状动脉介入治疗;严重心血管事件:半年内或1年内发生心肌梗死、心源性死亡;一般心血管事件:半年或1年内再次行PCI或心脏搭桥术、再次出现心绞痛症状。 -
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