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近年来,免疫治疗成为继手术、放疗、化疗及靶向治疗之后一种全新的肿瘤治疗模式。肿瘤免疫治疗通过调节、激活免疫系统,从而杀灭或控制肿瘤[1]。在肿瘤免疫治疗的研究进展中,免疫检查点抑制剂,尤其是程序化细胞死亡受体-1(programmed cell death-1, PD-1)/程序化细胞死亡配体-1(programmed cell death ligand-1, PD-L1)抑制剂受关注最多。
研究显示,免疫检查点如PD-1/PD-L1的表达水平与肿瘤预后不良以及肿瘤免疫治疗效果有关[2]。分子影像学能够实时检测肿瘤生物靶点,准确评估肿瘤生物靶点表达的动态变化情况。分子影像学技术,如PET、SPECT、MRI及光学成像已被用于肿瘤免疫检查点显像的临床前及临床研究[3]。笔者总结了近年来在肿瘤分子影像学领域关于PD-1/PD-L1免疫检查点的研究进展。
靶向免疫检查点PD-1/PD-L1的肿瘤分子影像学研究进展
Advances of molecular imaging of immune checkpoint targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in tumors
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摘要: 程序化细胞死亡受体-1(PD-1)及其配体(PD-L1)抑制剂通过阻断PD-1与PD-L1的结合使负向调控信号受阻,重新激活T淋巴细胞,增强免疫应答。临床试验结果显示PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂对多种肿瘤有明确的疗效,且疗效与肿瘤PD-1/PD-L1的表达水平相关。因此在免疫治疗之前检测患者PD-1/PD-L1的表达水平对筛选可能获益的患者、预测免疫治疗反应尤为重要。靶向PD-1/PD-L1的分子影像学方法能够在活体内无创、全面、准确地显示肿瘤PD-1及PD-L1的表达水平,成为国内外的研究热点。笔者对靶向PD-1/PD-L1肿瘤分子影像学的研究进展作一综述。
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关键词:
- 肿瘤 /
- 免疫治疗 /
- 程序化细胞死亡受体-1 /
- 程序化细胞死亡配体-1 /
- 分子影像
Abstract: Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) inhibitors can inhibit the PD-1 and PD-L1 combination to block negative control signals. This condition leadings to the activity of T lymphocytes and the enhancement of immune responses. Clinical studies have shown that PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have a definite effect on a broad set of malignancies, but a substantial number of patients do not respond. Predicting the immunotherapy response by evaluating the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 is urgently needed. Molecular imaging modalities, such as PET, SPECT, optical imaging, and MRI, can noninvasively and dynamically detect the overall expression of PD-1/PD-L1 in patients. They can help in selecting patients who are suitable for immunotherapy and monitor the tumor response. This review describes the current status and progress of molecular imaging targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in tumors.-
Key words:
- Neoplasms /
- Immunotherapy /
- Programmed cell death-1 /
- Programmed cell death ligand-1 /
- Molecular imaging
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