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放疗是肿瘤治疗的主要手段之一,自1992年首次明确发现辐射旁效应以来[1],人们逐渐发现放疗时的体内旁效应是一把“双刃剑”,其一方面可以治疗远处转移瘤,另一方面却造成正常组织的损伤甚至二次致癌。因此了解肿瘤放疗时体内旁效应的机制可以对肿瘤临床放疗计划的制定起指导作用。
放射治疗诱发体内旁效应的研究进展
Research progress on the bystander effect of radiotherapy in vivo
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摘要: 随着肿瘤放疗机制的不断深入研究,人们发现肿瘤放疗时引起的体内旁效应对肿瘤治疗及预后起着至关重要的作用。体内旁效应的产生主要与放疗后引起的氧化应激信号的传递、DNA损伤和免疫系统的激活相关,因此,人们可以通过干预旁效应减少放疗对正常组织损伤并提高肿瘤治疗效果。笔者就近年来放疗引起的体内旁效应及其分子机制的研究进展进行综述。Abstract: Extensive research on the mechanism of tumor radiotherapy shows that the bystander effect induced by radiation therapy in vivo plays an important role in tumor therapy and prognosis. The induction of the bystander effect is mainly related to the transmission of oxidative stress signals, DNA damage, and activation of the immune system caused by radiotherapy in vivo. Therefore, the intervention of the bystander effect could reduce injury on normal tissue and improve radiotherapy efficiency. This paper summarizes the research progress on the bystander effect of radiotherapy and its molecular mechanism in recent years in vivo.
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Key words:
- Radiotherapy /
- Reactive oxygen species /
- DNA damage /
- Bystander effects
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