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肺癌是目前我国发病率最高的恶性肿瘤,也是癌症死因之首[1]。其中非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)占所有肺癌患者的70%~80%[2]。手术完全切除病灶是治疗NSCLC的有效手段,在肺癌TNM分期中,只有Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期以及部分没有N2组淋巴结转移的ⅢA期肺癌患者适合接受根治性手术治疗,一旦肿瘤累及对侧纵隔或肺门及远处淋巴结(N3期),则应避免手术治疗。因此判断肺门及纵隔淋巴结转移情况对肺癌患者准确的临床分期、治疗方案的选择起着至关重要的作用。
PET/CT集中了PET和CT两项检查手段的优势,将病变功能代谢与解剖结构信息有机地融合在一起。与单纯PET相比,PET/CT检查可以对纵隔淋巴结进行精确定位,还可观察淋巴结的密度、直径、与周围组织的关系等;与单纯CT检查相比,PET/CT对纵隔淋巴结的判断不仅依据其大小,还能综合分析淋巴结的代谢变化。CT图像上短径>1 cm的淋巴结可能为假阳性,而短径<1 cm的淋巴结若呈现高代谢亦可能存在转移。PET/CT已成为肺癌临床分期的最方便有效且无创的影像学诊断技术。大量研究已经证实,与常规CT、增强CT相比,PET/CT对肺癌淋巴结分期的诊断准确率要高[3-4]。现就近年来18F-FDG PET/CT对NSCLC淋巴结分期诊断方面的新进展作如下综述。
18F-FDG PET/CT对非小细胞肺癌淋巴结分期诊断价值的研究进展
The progress of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of N-staging of non-small cell lung cancer
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摘要: 非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)准确的淋巴结分期是确定患者治疗方案的重要因素。18F-FDG PET/CT作为一种同时包含功能代谢与解剖形态信息的高端影像学诊断方法,在NSCLC淋巴结分期(N分期)中呈现出较高的诊断准确率。大量研究已基本证实哪些是影响NSCLC纵隔淋巴结转移的危险因素,笔者主要就近年为提高NSCLC淋巴结分期准确性而探索出的新参数、新技术进行综述。
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关键词:
- 癌, 非小细胞肺 /
- 淋巴结分期 /
- 正电子发射断层显像术 /
- 体层摄影术, X线计算机 /
- 氟脱氧葡萄糖F18
Abstract: The correct N staging of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) is very important for the option of treatment. 18F-FDG PET/CT as a new imaging method which combines the advantages of functional and anatomic images has become more and more accurate in the N staging of NSCLC. Numerous researches have proved some risk factors that influenced the mediastinal lymph node metastasis. This review focus on the new parameters and new technologies which improve the accuracy of the N staging of NSCLC recently. -
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