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近年来,随着研究者对癌症发生发展的分子机制的认知不断深入,在此基础上建立起来的生物靶向治疗也得到了进一步发展。人表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal growth factor receptor 2,HER2)是一种高表达于各种癌细胞的生物标志物,在癌症的发生、发展过程中起着重要作用。同时HER2也是生物靶向治疗的目标受体,现有几种抗HER2的靶向药物如单克隆抗体曲妥珠单抗(商品名:赫赛汀)和小分子抑制剂埃罗替尼(erlotinib)对高表达HER2的恶性肿瘤患者具有良好的疗效。但由于恶性肿瘤的异质性,靶向治疗的临床应用很大程度上受限于肿瘤生物标志物的有效检测,虽然肿瘤切除术后的免疫组化分析可以获得肿瘤原发灶的生物学类型及HER2表达情况,但对于不能切除的组织以及远处转移灶则无法获得其表达信息,给生物靶向治疗带来困难。近年来建立的HER2表达分子影像技术是一项无创性检查,能精准、安全、无创地获得全身HER2阳性表达的转移病灶,从而为某些恶性肿瘤治疗方案的制订提供重要依据。
HER2的表达及其分子影像的研究进展
Research and development of HER2 expression molecular imaging
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摘要: 人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)是一种具有酪氨酸激酶活性的跨膜受体,同时也是一种高表达于各种癌细胞的生物标志物。高表达HER2的肿瘤往往预后不良。HER2分子影像主要是利用放射性核素、磁性材料、发光物质等标记配体能与HER2特异性结合的特性,对患者体内HER2高表达病灶进行显像,从而协助HER2阳性疾病的诊断,筛选出抗HER2治疗有效的患者,并可用于疗效评估,是近年来肿瘤精准医疗研究的热点之一。
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关键词:
- 人表皮生长因子受体2 /
- 分子探针 /
- 抗体, 单克隆 /
- 分子显像 /
- 纳米抗体
Abstract: Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2) is a kind of transmembrane receptor with tyrosine kinase activity, and also is a biomarker highly expressed in various cancer cells, often indicating poor clinical prognosis. HER2 expression molecular imaging mainly utilizes the labeled-ligands'ability of specific binding with HER2, such as radionuclide, magnetic materials and fluorescent substances, by which the high-HER2 expressed lesions are shown. This technique provides a strong support for diagnosing HER2-expressed diseases, selecting patients who are respondent to HER2-targeted therapy and evaluating the therapeutic effect, and has become one of the hot spots in the research of precise treatment of tumors in recent years. -
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