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血管内皮抑制素与外放疗联合应用的基础研究已有报道,内皮抑素对小鼠肺癌移植瘤、裸鼠人直结肠癌移植瘤以及对射线抗拒的移植瘤等均具有放射增敏作用[1]。但在多数研究中,血管内皮抑制素仅与外放疗联合,对于联合125I低剂量率近距离放疗是否具有增敏作用尚缺少研究报道。重组人血管内皮抑制素作为一种血管内皮抑制素,其联合125I低剂量率近距离照射是否对裸鼠肺癌移植瘤的辐射增敏有效果,是本研究的意义所在。
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第30天时,D组的重量抑瘤率与B、C组相比明显增加,差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.9、50.0,P均 < 0.05),D组体积抑瘤率与B、C组相比明显增加,差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.7、46.1,P均 < 0.05);第30天时,D组的重量抑瘤率与B、C组相比明显增加,差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.8、63.2,P均 < 0.05),D组体积抑瘤率与B、C组相比明显增加,差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.1、63.2,P均 < 0.05);B组第30天时的重量抑瘤率和体积抑瘤率较第15天时明显增加,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.3、5.2,P均 < 0.05);D组第30天时的重量抑瘤率和体积抑瘤率较第15天时明显增加,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.3、4.6,P均 < 0.05);而C组第30天时的重量抑瘤率和体积抑瘤率较第15天时无明显变化,差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.3、3.2,P均 > 0.05)。详见表 1。
组别 只数 重量抑瘤率 体积抑瘤率 第15天 第30天 第15天 第30天 A组 5 - - - - B组 5 63.1 74.8 52.4 68.3 C组 5 36.5 38.6 29.5 30.8 D组 5 85.3 92.1 77.4 86.2 注:表中,A组为对照组;B组为125I植入组;C组为重组人血管内皮抑制素组;D组为125I植入联合重组人血管内皮抑制素组。 表 1 不同处理方法组中裸鼠移植瘤的体积及重量抑瘤率(%)
Table 1. Volume, weight and growth inhibitory rate of the transplanted tumor in different treatment groups(%)
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粒子植入后用治疗计划系统进行粒子重建,导出剂量体积直方图验证靶区瘤体接受的覆盖90%靶体积时的剂量(D90)为(20.3±2.2)Gy,被90%剂量覆盖的靶体积百分比(V90)为98.3%±8.2%,匹配周边剂量为20.1 Gy。覆盖90%靶体积时的剂量大于匹配周边剂量。
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免疫组化检测结果显示:第15天时,D组VEGF表达水平与A、B、C组比较差异有统计学意义(t=11.9、12.6、3.3,P均 < 0.05),D组MVD与A、B、C组比较差异有统计学意义(t=48.8、31.2、4.4,P均 < 0.05)。第30天时,D组VEGF表达水平与A、B、C组比较差异有统计学意义(t=10.5、9.5、3.1,P均 < 0.05),D组MVD与A、B、C组比较差异有统计学意义(t=45.1、26.9、11.8,P均 < 0.05)。其中,C组第15天时VEGF表达水平与A、B组比较差异有统计学意义(t=11.5、12.2,P均 < 0.05),C组MVD与A、B组比较差异有统计学意义(t=39.1、25.8,P均 < 0.05);C组第30天时VEGF表达水平与A、B组比较差异有统计学意义(t=7.0、6.2,P均 < 0.05),C组MVD与A、B组比较差异有统计学意义(t=34.4、18.3,P均 < 0.05);C组第30天时VEGF表达水平和MVD较第15天时增加,且差异有统计学意义(t=3.8、4.3,P均 < 0.05)。详见表 2。
组别 只数 VEGF表达水平 MVD/个 第15天 第30天 第15天 第30天 A组 5 82.17±17.38 87.16±19.37 50±3.2 58±4.1 B组 5 87.33±18.35 83.56±20.45 43±4.3 38±3.7 C组 5 28.54±11.45 46.37±17.73 14±2.6 18±3.2 D组 5 23.46±13.38 30.17±14.78 11±1.6 14±1.5 注:表中,A组为对照组;B组为125I植入组;C组为重组人血管内皮抑制素组;D组为125I植入联合重组人血管内皮抑制素组;VEGF:血管内皮生长因子;MVD:微血管密度。 表 2 不同处理方法组中裸鼠移植瘤的VEGF表达和MVD比较
Table 2. Expression of VEGF and MVD in different treatment groups
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RT-PCR结果显示:第15、30天时,与A组相比,B组αvβ3 mRNA的表达有所增加,并随时间的延长增加更明显,差异有统计学意义(t=6.6、15.4,P < 0.05),而C组和D组αvβ3 mRNA的表达下降,差异有统计学意义(C vs. A:t=16.1、16.5,P均 < 0.05;D vs. A:t=9.4、12.9,P均 < 0.05)。说明重组人血管内皮抑制素联合125I粒子照射可以抑制肿瘤细胞内αvβ3 mRNA的表达,D组最明显(表 3)。
组别 只数 αvβ3 mRNA表达 第15天 第30天 A组 5 1.53±0.18 1.51±0.20 B组 5 2.12±0.36 2.67±0.27 C组 5 0.74±0.11 0.93±0.19 D组 5 0.48±0.21 0.61±0.24 注:表中,A组为对照组;B组为125I植入组;C组为重组人血管内皮抑制素组;D组为125I植入联合重组人血管内皮抑制素组。 表 3 不同处理方法组中移植瘤αvβ3 mRNA的表达比较
Table 3. αvβ3 mRNA expression of transplanted tumor in different treatment groups
管内皮抑制素对125I近距离照射裸鼠肺癌移植瘤的增敏效应研究
Sensitization effect of endostatin for 125I brachytherapy on transplanted tumor in nude mice
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摘要:
目的 探讨重组人血管内皮抑制素对125I粒子植入治疗裸鼠肺癌移植瘤模型的辐射增敏效应。 方法 建立裸鼠移植瘤模型,随机分成对照组(A组)、125I植入组(B组)、重组人血管内皮抑制素组(C组)和125I植入联合重组人血管内皮抑制素组(D组),每组20只。移植瘤直径达2 cm时行125I粒子植入,处方剂量20 Gy,采用治疗计划系统计算移植瘤的体积及接受剂量。按每只裸鼠每天给予20 mg/kg重组人血管内皮抑制素,连续给药14 d,观察并记录肿瘤生长的速度和瘤体体积的变化,分别于第15、30天时处死裸鼠,并通过免疫组化方法检测血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达和微血管密度(MVD),通过RT-PCR分别检测各组肿瘤组织中αvβ3 mRNA水平。 结果 第15、30天时,D组的重量抑瘤率和体积抑瘤率与B、C组相比明显增加,差异有统计学意义,B组和D组第30天时的重量抑瘤率和体积抑瘤率均较第15天时明显增加,差异有统计学意义。免疫组化结果显示,第15、30天时,D组与A、B、C组VEGF、MVD差异均有统计学意义,其中,C组与A、B组VEGF、MVD差异有统计学意义,C组第30天时的VEGF表达水平和MVD较第15天时增加,差异有统计学意义。RT-PCR结果显示,第15、30天时,与A组相比,B组αvβ3 mRNA的表达有所增加,并随时间的延长增加更明显,差异有统计学意义,而C组和D组αvβ3 mRNA的表达下降,差异有统计学意义。 结论 重组人血管内皮抑制素对肺癌移植瘤的近距离辐射增敏作用明确,VEGF、MVD、αvβ3 mRNA的表达变化是其重要机制。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the radiation sensitization effect of endostatin on transplanted tumors in nude mice with 125I radioactive seed. Methods Mice were randomly assigned to four groups(n=20):control group(group A), 125I radioactive seed group(group B), endostatin group(group C), and 125I radioactive seed combined with endostatin group(group D). When the diameter of the transplanted tumor was greater than 2 cm, 125I radioactive particles were implanted. The prescription dose was 20 Gy. Treatment planning system was used to calculate the target area and size of tumors. Endostatin was injected intraperitoneally at 20 mg/kg once every day for 14 days, and the changes in tumor growth and size were observed. The animals were sacrificed at 15 and 30 days. The expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and microvessel density(MVD) in tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry, whereas αvβ3 mRNA levels were determined by RT-PCR. Results Compared with groups B and C, the tumor size, tumor weight, and tumor growth inhibitory rate of group D significantly increased at 15 and 30 days. The tumor size, tumor weight, and tumor growth inhibitory rate of groups B and D significantly increased at 30 days compared with those at 15 days. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the expression levels of VEGF and MVD in group D were significantly different at 15 and 30 days compared with those in groups A, B, and C. The expression of VEGF and MVD in group C was significantly different at 15 and 30 days compared with that in groups A and B. VEGF and MVD in group C were significantly up-regulated at 30 days compared with those at 15 days. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the expression of αvβ3 mRNA in group B obviously increased with time compared with that in group A. Compared with group A, αvβ3 mRNA in group B was up-regulated, whereas αvβ3 mRNA in groups C and D was significantly down-regulated. Compared with groups C and B, group D exhibited a statistically significant difference. Conclusion Endostatin is helpful to brachytherapy of lung tumor with radiosensitizing enhancement effects. Changes in VEGF, MVD, and αvβ3 mRNA may be the rational treatment mechanism. -
Key words:
- Endostatins /
- Lung neoplasms /
- Radiation-sensitizing agents /
- Brachytherapy
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表 1 不同处理方法组中裸鼠移植瘤的体积及重量抑瘤率(%)
Table 1. Volume, weight and growth inhibitory rate of the transplanted tumor in different treatment groups(%)
组别 只数 重量抑瘤率 体积抑瘤率 第15天 第30天 第15天 第30天 A组 5 - - - - B组 5 63.1 74.8 52.4 68.3 C组 5 36.5 38.6 29.5 30.8 D组 5 85.3 92.1 77.4 86.2 注:表中,A组为对照组;B组为125I植入组;C组为重组人血管内皮抑制素组;D组为125I植入联合重组人血管内皮抑制素组。 表 2 不同处理方法组中裸鼠移植瘤的VEGF表达和MVD比较
Table 2. Expression of VEGF and MVD in different treatment groups
组别 只数 VEGF表达水平 MVD/个 第15天 第30天 第15天 第30天 A组 5 82.17±17.38 87.16±19.37 50±3.2 58±4.1 B组 5 87.33±18.35 83.56±20.45 43±4.3 38±3.7 C组 5 28.54±11.45 46.37±17.73 14±2.6 18±3.2 D组 5 23.46±13.38 30.17±14.78 11±1.6 14±1.5 注:表中,A组为对照组;B组为125I植入组;C组为重组人血管内皮抑制素组;D组为125I植入联合重组人血管内皮抑制素组;VEGF:血管内皮生长因子;MVD:微血管密度。 表 3 不同处理方法组中移植瘤αvβ3 mRNA的表达比较
Table 3. αvβ3 mRNA expression of transplanted tumor in different treatment groups
组别 只数 αvβ3 mRNA表达 第15天 第30天 A组 5 1.53±0.18 1.51±0.20 B组 5 2.12±0.36 2.67±0.27 C组 5 0.74±0.11 0.93±0.19 D组 5 0.48±0.21 0.61±0.24 注:表中,A组为对照组;B组为125I植入组;C组为重组人血管内皮抑制素组;D组为125I植入联合重组人血管内皮抑制素组。 -
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