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人附睾蛋白4(human epididymis protein-4,HE4)是近年来发现的一个肿瘤标志物,主要是由附睾远端上皮细胞中的HE4基因所表达,由124个氨基酸组成,在精子的成熟过程中起着关键作用。HE4作为一种新型的卵巢癌诊断指标,其水平变化能反映卵巢癌发展的趋势,并能监测治疗的效果。HE4在正常人体中的表达非常低,但在卵巢癌组织和患者血清中均高度表达;在恶性肿瘤中的高表达多见于卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌。本研究旨在建立HE4双抗体夹心免放分析方法,评价该测定方法的灵敏度、特异度、精密度,并通过血清标本的检测来探讨HE4在卵巢癌临床诊断中的价值。
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通过对免疫小鼠血清抗体效价的测定,选取了1号、3号小鼠进行细胞融合,经阳性克隆筛选及亚克隆后,共获得了2株可以稳定分泌抗体的细胞株,分别命名为1A5和3D2,并对这两株细胞所分泌的抗体进行了亚型测定,结果显示均为IgG1型单抗。
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将上述1A5和3D2细胞株分别接种6只BALB/C小鼠后,分别得腹水18.4 ml和20.7 ml,用蛋白A层析柱分离纯化后各得单克隆抗体66.3 mg和68.1 mg。用紫外分光光度计测定抗体的浓度分别为5.2 mg/ml和5.63 mg/ml。
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将1A5和3D2两株单抗分别进行SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳(图 1),两株单抗的电泳结果均为两条带,相对分子质量分别为25 000的轻链和50 000的重链。经扫描图谱分析后计算得出两株单抗的纯度均>95%。
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经过一系列的筛选试验,最终确定本试剂盒的操作方法为:取100 μl标准品及血清标本加入包被试管,然后再加入100 μl 125I标记的单抗工作液,室温振荡1 h,吸去管中液体,加入1 ml洗液洗管2次,然后再用γ计数器测定每管1 min内的放射性强度计数,测定结果如图 2所示,可以看出,2株HE4单克隆抗体配对结果较好,非特异性结合率低,标准品各点的结合率梯度拉差明显,标准曲线的线性良好。
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通过测定20管零标准品,得出本试剂盒的分析灵敏度为3.65 pmol/L。
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通过对浓度分别为60、300 pmol/L的两个血清样本进行测定,计算出其批内变异性分别为5.31%和3.59%,其批间变异性分别为7.52%和5.17%。
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通过对浓度分别为60、300和1200 pmol/L的3个血清样本测定,计算回收率分别为103.69%、102.64%和98.42%。
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测定了200名正常人血清,计算浓度的X=98.43 pmol/L、SD=23.16、X+2SD=144.75 pmol/L。因此,确定本试剂盒测定的正常值范围为<145 pmol/L。
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通过对120例卵巢癌患者和120名正常人的血清样本的测定结果进行统计分析,本试剂盒的临床灵敏度可达90.83%、特异度为99.17%,基本接近罗氏电化学发光试剂盒的测定结果(表 1)。
组别 所测样
本数测定值>临界
值样本数灵敏度 特异度 协和 卵巢癌患者血清 120 109 90.83% 正常人血清 120 1 99.17% 罗氏 卵巢癌患者血清 120 112 93.30% 正常人血清 120 1 99.17% 表 1 人附睾蛋白4临床血清样本测定结果
Table 1. Clinical test result of human serum for human epididymis protein 4
人附睾蛋白4单克隆抗体与免放试剂盒的制备及其对卵巢癌诊断的临床价值探讨
Preparation of monoclonal antibodies and immunoradiometric assay kit against human epididymis protein 4 and its clinical value in diagnosis of ovarian cancer
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摘要:
目的 制备人附睾蛋白4(HE4)单克隆抗体并研制免放分析试剂盒, 探讨其在卵巢癌临床诊断中的价值。 方法 用重组人HE4免疫小鼠, 通过细胞融合杂交瘤技术制备并筛选可以配对的HE4单抗, 用125I标记其中一株单抗, 研制HE4免放试剂盒, 并评价其检测的灵敏度。通过检测临床血清标本来评价其对卵巢癌诊断的灵敏度和特异度。 结果 筛选出了一对亲和力与特异性高的HE4单抗, 其免放试剂盒检测的灵敏度为3.65 pmol/L, 其对卵巢癌的临床诊断的灵敏度可达90.83%, 特异度为99.17%。 结论 制备的单克隆抗体亲和力高, 研制的免放试剂盒各项指标较好, 可用于卵巢癌的早期临床诊断和疗效观察, 降低卵巢癌患者的病死率。 Abstract:Objective To prepare monoclonal antibodies and immunoradiometric assay kit against human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and study its clinical value in diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Methods BALB/c mice were immunized with recombinant HE4 antigen, 2 paired monoclonal antibodies were generated through splenic cell and myeloma cell fusion and screening. The detection antibody was labeled with 125 Iodine and immunoradiometric assay kit for HE4 was developed. The detect sensitivity of the kit was determined, and its clinical sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of ovarian cancer was evaluated. Results Two paired monoclonal antibodies with high affinity and specialty were generated. The detect sensitivity of this immunoradiometric assay was 3.65 pmol/L, and the clinical sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of ovarian cancer was 90.83% and 99.17% respectively. Conclusion This study was prepared by a high affinity monoclonal antibodies against HE4, and the technical indexes of HE4 immunoradiometric assay kit were rather good. So it could be used in early diagnosis and curative effect observation of ovarian cancer, and reduce its lethality rate. -
表 1 人附睾蛋白4临床血清样本测定结果
Table 1. Clinical test result of human serum for human epididymis protein 4
组别 所测样
本数测定值>临界
值样本数灵敏度 特异度 协和 卵巢癌患者血清 120 109 90.83% 正常人血清 120 1 99.17% 罗氏 卵巢癌患者血清 120 112 93.30% 正常人血清 120 1 99.17% -
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