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卵巢癌是妇科生殖系统的恶性肿瘤之一,发病率仅次于宫颈癌和子宫内膜癌,位居第三位,但其病死率在妇科生殖系统疾病中占第一位。卵巢位于盆腔深处,早期无特异性症状,就诊时多数患者已为晚期。晚期患者的5年生存率仅为20%~30%[1],其高病死率的主要原因是复发和转移。外周血循环肿瘤细胞(circulating tumor cells,CTCs)在转移和复发过程中起着重要作用。早在1869年,Ashworth在1例癌症死亡患者的外周血中发现了类似肿瘤细胞的细胞,并首次提出了CTCs的概念[2]。由于外周血中CTCs的数量稀少,每106~107个单核细胞中才发现1个CTCs,因此对检测CTCs的特异度和灵敏度有极高的要求。近年来,检测技术蓬勃发展,检测的灵敏度和特异度也逐渐提高,检测方法主要是基于CTCs的生物学特性,目前CTCs已广泛应用于临床,许多学者在不同的癌症疾病中做了关于CTCs的研究[3-5]。有学者发现,CTCs对卵巢癌的早期诊断、预后评估等有重要价值[6-8]。本文就卵巢癌CTCs的生物学特性及其应用进展作一综述。
卵巢癌循环肿瘤细胞的生物学特性及其临床应用进展
Progress in biological characteristics and clinical application of circulating tumor cells in ovarian cancer
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摘要: 卵巢癌病死率在妇科生殖系统恶性肿瘤中位居第一位, 卵巢癌早期无特异性症状, 就诊时多数已为晚期, 卵巢癌患者高病死率的主要原因是复发和转移。外周血循环肿瘤细胞在肿瘤的复发和转移过程中起重要作用。近年来, 循环肿瘤细胞已广泛应用于多种恶性肿瘤的诊断和预后评估。笔者就卵巢癌患者外周血循环肿瘤细胞的生物学特性和应用进展作一综述。Abstract: Ovarian cancer ranks first among gynecologic malignancy-related mortalities.Early stage of ovarian cancer does not show specific symptoms, and most cases are diagnosed in advanced stages.The major causes of death are relapse and metastasis, and circulating tumor cells play fundamental roles in these processes.These tumor cells have been widely used recently in detection and prognostic evaluation of many types of malignant tumors.This work reviews the progress in biological characteristics of circulating tumor cells and their clinical application in ovarian cancer.
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