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131I已成为治疗Graves甲状腺功能亢进症(甲亢)的主要方法[1]。影响131I治疗Graves甲亢疗效的因素较多,其中患者服用131I的剂量是决定其疗效的关键。甲状腺24 h摄碘率(radioactive iodine uptake,RAIU)作为中间变量,是临床确定131I治疗剂量的重要参数。本研究对我院近5年来首次使用131I治疗的3218例Graves甲亢患者进行了集中随访,对甲状腺24 h RAIU与131I治疗Graves甲亢疗效的相关性及甲状腺24 h RAIU的影响因素进行分析,现将研究结果报道如下。
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本研究对131I治疗的3218例Graves甲亢患者进行随访,成功随访2690例,占83.6%。131I治疗后总体治愈2244例(83.4%),其中痊愈687例、甲减1557例;未愈446例(16.6%),其中好转381例、无效(或复发)65例。A组405例患者,治愈360例(88.9%),未愈45例(11.1%)。B组1764例患者,治愈1534例(87.0%),未愈230例(13.0%)。C组521例患者,治愈350例(67.2%),未愈171例(32.8%)。A、B、C 3组Graves甲亢患者间治愈率及未愈率比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=21.80,P < 0.05)。
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采用多元线性回归分析对可能影响甲状腺24 h RAIU的有关因素进行分析,影响因素包括患者年龄、性别、血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸、血清游离甲状腺素、TSH、甲状腺球蛋白抗体、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体、促甲状腺素受体抗体、甲状腺质量及有无ATD用药史等。统计学分析表明,甲状腺24 h RAIU与患者的年龄、性别、甲状腺质量以及有无ATD用药史有线性回归关系,其中与患者年龄以及有无ATD用药史呈负相关,与性别(女高于男)、甲状腺质量呈正相关。由标准化回归系数(b)可以看出,甲状腺质量对甲状腺24 h RAIU影响最大(b=0.340)(表 1)。
变量 95%CI 标准误 b P 常数项 61.001(40.264,81.738) 10.380 - 0.000 年龄 -0.288(-0.520,-0.056) 0.116 -0.259 0.016 性别 8.887(1.942,15.832) 3.476 0.275 0.013 甲状腺质量 0.189(0.073,0.305) 0.058 0.340 0.002 有无ATD用药史 -8.165(-15.612,-0.718) 3.728 -0.226 0.032 表中,ATD:抗甲状腺药物;-:无此项数据。 表 1 甲状腺24 h摄碘率影响因素多元线性回归分析
Table 1. Multivariate linear regression analysis about the influencing factors of thyroid 24 h radioactive iodine uptake
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按甲状腺质量将患者分为≤30 g(314例)、31~80 g(1993例)、>80 g(383例)3组,其平均甲状腺24 h RAIU分别为(62.64±14.97)%、(66.67±15.52)%、(72.38±14.38)%,3组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=6.35,P < 0.05)。
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按年龄将患者分为≤40岁(1170例)、41~65岁(1386例)、>65岁(134例)3组,其平均甲状腺24 h RAIU分别为(67.74±16.42)%、(65.08±14.77)%、(63.06±13.30)%,3组间甲状腺24 h RAIU比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=2.56,P < 0.05)。
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按性别将患者分为男性(855例)、女性(1835例)两组,其平均甲状腺24 h RAIU分别为(61.77±14.32)%、(69.46±15.41)%,两组间甲状腺24 h RAIU比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-5.11,P < 0.05)。
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依据治疗前有无ATD用药史将患者分为有ATD治疗史组(1848例)及无ATD治疗史组(842例),其平均甲状腺24 h RAIU分别为(65.99±16.10)%、(67.48±15.19)%,两组间甲状腺24 h RAIU比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-7.58,P < 0.05)。
甲状腺24h摄碘率与131I治疗Graves甲亢疗效相关性研究
Correlation between thyroid 24 h of radioactive iodine uptake and clinical efficacy of 131I therapy for Graves' hyperthyroidism
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摘要:
目的 对甲状腺24 h摄碘率(24 h RAIU)与131I治疗Graves甲状腺功能亢进症(甲亢)的临床疗效进行相关性分析。 方法 对3218例首次使用放射性131I治疗的Graves甲亢患者进行集中随访, 随访时间为6~60个月。成功随访2690例。患者实际服131I剂量为74~1850 MBq.依据131I治疗前甲状腺24 h RAIU, 将患者分为A组(24 h RAIU < 50.0%) 405例、B组(50.0%≤24 h RAIU≤80.0%) 1764例、C组(24 h RAIU >80.0%) 521例。依据治疗效果将本次成功随访患者分为治愈组(包括痊愈及甲状腺功能减退)、未愈组(包括好转、无效及复发). 结果 131I治疗的2690例患者中, 治愈2244例(83.4%), 未愈446例(16.6%).其中, A组治愈360例(88.9%)、未愈45例(11.1%); B组治愈1534例(87.0%)、未愈230例(13.0%); C组治愈350例(67.2%)、未愈171例(32.8%); A、B、C 3组Graves甲亢患者间治愈率及未愈率比较, 差异均有统计学意义(x2=21.80, P < 0.05).多元线性回归分析发现, 甲状腺24 h RAIU与患者年龄(b=-0.259)、甲状腺质量(b=0.340)、患者性别(b=0.275)、是否使用抗甲状腺药物(ATD)治疗(b=-0.226)等均有线性回归关系。 结论 甲状腺24 h RAIU与131I治疗Graves甲亢患者的临床疗效相关。24 h RAIU越低治愈率越高, 24 h RAIU越高未愈率越高。甲状腺质量越大、年龄越小、女性、无ATD治疗史者甲状腺24 h RAIU越高;甲状腺质量越小、年龄越大、男性、有ATD治疗史者甲状腺24 h RAIU越低。该研究结果将为临床131I治疗Graves甲亢提供参考。 Abstract:Objective To evaluate the correlation between 24 h of radioactive iodine uptake(24 h RAIU) and clinical efficacy of 131I therapy for Graves' hyperthyroidism. Methods Data of 3218 patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism from August 2009 to July 2014 were collected after a follow-up study. The follow-up times were 6 months to 60 months(mean: 28.36±14.06 months). All patients underwent radioactive 131I therapy for the first time in the first hospital of Shanxi medical university. A total of 2690 patients(83.6% of 3218 patients) were followed up. These patients comprised 855 males and 1835 females, with ages ranging from 11 years to 81 years(average: 42.81 ± 15.06 years). Patients were treated with 131I therapy doses of 74 MBq to 1850 MBq (mean dose: 402.50±279.94 MBq) and divided into three groups based on thyroid 24 h RAIU before 131I therapy as follows: group A, 405 cases(24 h RAIU < 50.0%); group B, 1764 cases(50.0%≤24 h RAIU≤80.0%); and group C, 521 cases(24 h RAIU > 80.0%). Additionally, the patients were divided into two groups based on the follow-up results of patients treated with 131I therapy. The cured group consisted of cases that were healed or had presented hypothyroidism, whereas the uncured group comprised cases with improved, invalid, and recurrent conditions. Results A total of 2690 patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism were treated with radioactive 131I, of which 2244 cases were cured(83.4%), and 446 cases were uncured(16.6%). In group A, 360 cases(88.9%) were cured, and 45 cases(11.1%) were uncured. In group B, 1534 cases(87.0%) were cured, and 230 cases(13.0%) were uncured. In group C, 350 cases(67.2%) were cured, and 171 cases(32.8%) were uncured. Statistically significant differences were found between the cured and uncured rates among the three groups(x2=21.80, P < 0.05). Multivariate linear regression results indicated that age(b=0.259), thyroid weight(b=0.340), gender(b=0.275), and use of anti-thyroid drugs(ATD) treatment(b=0.226) were all correlated with thyroid 24 h RAIU. Conclusion Thyroid 24 h RAIU was related to the clinical efficacy of 131I therapy for Graves' hyperthyroidism. Low 24 h RAIU implies high cure rate, whereas high 24 h RAIU indicates high failure rate. High 24 h RAIU was primarily caused by high thyroid weight, young age, female gender, and lack of ATD treatment. By contrast, low thyroid weight, old age, male gender, and history of ATD treatment can lead to low 24 h RAIU. Overall, this study will provide further information regarding clinical 131I treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism. -
Key words:
- Graves disease /
- Iodine radioisotopes /
- Hyperthyroidism /
- Treatment outcome
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表 1 甲状腺24 h摄碘率影响因素多元线性回归分析
Table 1. Multivariate linear regression analysis about the influencing factors of thyroid 24 h radioactive iodine uptake
变量 95%CI 标准误 b P 常数项 61.001(40.264,81.738) 10.380 - 0.000 年龄 -0.288(-0.520,-0.056) 0.116 -0.259 0.016 性别 8.887(1.942,15.832) 3.476 0.275 0.013 甲状腺质量 0.189(0.073,0.305) 0.058 0.340 0.002 有无ATD用药史 -8.165(-15.612,-0.718) 3.728 -0.226 0.032 表中,ATD:抗甲状腺药物;-:无此项数据。 -
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