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放射生物剂量计最开始主要用于涉及少数受照人员的事故剂量估算[1]。在前苏联发生切尔诺贝利核事故后,放射医学界开始关注大人群受照情况下的生物剂量估算。美国和欧盟都已投入了大量经费支持放射生物剂量学新指标的探索。2011年日本福岛特大核事故发生后,快速、高通量的放射生物剂量学新指标引起了更广泛关注。我国放射生物剂量学专家也在放射生物剂量学方面做了大量的工作,出版了相关专著[2-3]。本文主要就2012-2014年放射生物剂量学研究的新进展作一简要综述,希望起到抛砖引玉的作用,促进国内放射生物剂量学研究的发展。
放射生物剂量学研究的新进展
Progress on the radiation biodosimetry study
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摘要: 放射生物剂量学方法在历次放射事故应急处置中起到非常重要的作用,主要采用非稳定性染色体畸变和微核分析。最近的研究关注快速高通量的生物剂量计的探索,不仅涉及上述方法的自动化,还涉及DNA双链断裂、基因表达等分子生物学剂量计的研究以及代谢组学和血清学指标的筛选。笔者主要就2012-2014年放射生物剂量学研究的新进展进行综述。Abstract: Radiation biodosimetry plays an important role in the medical treatment of each radiation accident, mainly by dicentric and cytokinesis-block micronucleus(CBMN) analyses. Biodosimetry studies focus on the rapid and high-throughput radiation biodosimeter. These studies include not only the automatic analyses of dicentric and CBMN, but also the molecular markers, such as DNA double-strand break and gene and protein expression. Metabolomic and serology analyses are also explored. The new progress in radiation biodosimetry over the past three years was reviewed in this paper.
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Key words:
- Radiation biodosimetry /
- Cytogenetics /
- Fast high-throuput /
- Molecular biology
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[3] 金璀珍.放射生物剂量估计[M].北京: 军事医学科学出版社, 2002.
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