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肿瘤血管生成在实体肿瘤的生长和转移等生物行为过程中起关键作用,而针对肿瘤新生血管的成像,对病变检测、肿瘤分级、预后判断、肿瘤药物的研发及有效性评价、用药剂量的个性化指导、疗效的监测等都有着重要的指导意义[1]。
当实体肿瘤直径 > 2~3 mm时,仅靠单纯的养分扩散已不再能满足组织养分的供给,缺氧即可诱发肿瘤血管生成,其过程是复杂多步骤的,且被生长因子、细胞受体、黏附分子等调节和控制[2-4],如血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、αvβ3整合素受体、细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)蛋白、前列腺特异性膜抗原(prostate specific membrane antigen,PSMA)等[5-6]。这些因子在实体肿瘤中高表达,将它们作为核医学分子显像的显像剂有着很好的应用前景。因此,本文将对肿瘤血管生成的SPECT分子显像的显像剂研究进行回顾性总结。
肿瘤血管生成的SPECT分子显像研究进展
Research advance on molecular imaging of tumor angiogenesis with SPECT
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摘要: 肿瘤血管生成与肿瘤生长、转移有着密切的关系。肿瘤血管生成被各种蛋白分子调控,其中包括血管内皮生长因子、αvβ3整合素、细胞外基质蛋白、前列腺特异性膜抗原等。它们已成为肿瘤血管生成分子影像及靶向治疗研究领域的重要分子靶点。研究并利用这些蛋白分子准确无创地评估肿瘤新生血管及肿瘤抗血管生成治疗效果的成像方法,已成为现代医学影像学的一个重要课题。Abstract: Tumor Angiogenesis is one of the key requirements of tumor growth and metastasis. Tumour-induced angiogenesis is a multistep process that controlled by growth factors, cellular receptors and adhesion molecules, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, αvβ3 integrin, extracellular matrix proteins, prostate-specific membrane antige. They have become a common molecular target which has a potential value in angiogenesis molecular imaging and therapy at present. It is an important subject of modern medical imaging in developing a new imaging method which can accurate noninvasive assessment of tumor angiogenesis and tumor anti-angiogenesis therapy effect.
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