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乳腺癌是起源于乳腺上皮组织的恶性肿瘤。美国癌症协会最新数据显示,乳腺癌发病率占女性恶性肿瘤的第一位[1]。乳腺癌患者的5年生存率与肿瘤分期和进展有着直接的关系,早期乳腺癌患者的5年生存率约为98.3%,中期乳腺癌患者约为83.5%,伴有远处转移者则仅为23.3%[2]。我国女性乳腺癌的发病率及病死率也呈逐年上升趋势,居女性癌症死因的第六位[3]。术前对乳腺癌进行精确的影像学分期和评估,是乳腺癌微创手术及综合治疗科学决策的重要前提之一。目前,乳腺癌的影像学筛查主要依赖于钼靶检查和超声检查[2, 4],但其所能提供的信息有限。CT功能显像、MRI和核医学影像的快速发展,特别是近年来乳腺癌的磁共振分子影像学和核医学分子影像学诊断有了突破性的发展,为乳腺癌的诊断和疗效评估提供了不可缺少的重要临床资料。本文就目前乳腺癌磁共振分子影像学和PET分子影像学诊断的新进展进行综述。
乳腺癌分子显像研究进展
Progress on molecular imaging of breast cancer
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摘要: 随着我国女性乳腺癌发病率和病死率的上升,乳腺癌的早期诊断及其疗效评估显得非常重要。常规影像学检查,包括乳腺X射线摄影、超声、CT、MRI等,在乳腺癌的诊断和疗效监测方面发挥了非常重要的作用,但也表现出较大的局限性。分子影像学技术,特别是磁共振分子显像和PET分子显像,在乳腺癌的早期诊断和治疗指导方面发挥了独特的作用,可大幅度提高影像学诊断的准确率。笔者就目前乳腺癌磁共振分子影像学和PET分子影像学诊断的新进展进行综述。
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关键词:
- 乳腺肿瘤 /
- 磁共振成像 /
- 正电子发射断层显像术 /
- 体层摄影术,X线计算机
Abstract: As the incidence and the mortality rate of female breast cancer in our country is increasing in recent years, early diagnosis and therapeutic assessment of breast cancer are particularly important. Conventional imaging examinations including mammography, ultrasound, CT, and MRI, etc. have an important role in the early diagnosis and treatment evaluating of breast cancer management, however, they possess some limitations. Molecular imaging techniques, especially magnetic resonance molecular imaging and PET molecular imaging, enables the depiction of tumor morphology, as well as the assessment of functional and metabolic processes involved in cancer development at different levels, which can significantly improve imaging diagnosis accuracy. This review summarise the potential role and new progress of magnetic resonance molecular imaging and PET molecular imaging of emerging functional and metabolic processes as well as hormone receptors and growth factor receptors for diagnosis, predicting and monitoring treatment response in breast cancer patients. -
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