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在世界范围内,乳腺癌已成为危害女性健康的主要原因之一[1]。据统计,我国每年女性乳腺癌发病16.9万,是女性第二位最常见的恶性肿瘤; 病死于乳腺癌者约4.5万,是女性第六位最常见的恶性肿瘤死亡原因[2]。因此,对乳腺癌的早发现、早诊断、早治疗以及合理评估是必需的。影像学手段如乳腺X线钼靶、超声、MRI、PET/CT在形态学以及功能、代谢方面对乳腺癌的筛查、辅助诊断和疗效评价等不同阶段起着重要作用。
其中,PET是以代谢显像和定量分析为基础,应用组成人体的主要元素如11C、13N、15O、18F等正电子核素为示踪剂,不仅可快速获得多层面断层影像、定量及半定量结果以及三维全身扫描图像,而且还可以从分子水平动态观察到代谢物或药物在人体内的生理生化变化,在分子水平上早于形态学发生改变之前就可以作出诊断,PET/CT结合了CT在解剖学上对病灶的准确定位,为疾病的诊断和评估提供了更为详尽的信息。
PET/CT作为分子代谢显像,对肿瘤的分期以及准确的病情进展评估有重要价值。在临床应用方面,PET/CT不仅在乳腺病变的良恶性鉴别、肿瘤分期方面起着重要作用,而且近期临床应用已逐渐延伸到乳腺癌药物治疗的筛选、疗效评价(包括新辅助治疗)以及预后判断等方面。
PET/CT显像在乳腺癌疗效评价及预后中的作用
The role of PET/CT imaging in the evaluation of the efficacy and prognosis of breast cancer
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摘要: 乳腺癌是危害全球妇女健康的最常见的恶性肿瘤。PET/CT的应用大大提高了乳腺癌的临床诊治率。PET/CT在评价治疗效果及术前早期识别出对反应无效的患者方面有着独到的优势。近年来,有研究发现,癌细胞表面分子标记,如雌激素受体、孕激素受体和人表皮生长因子受体2表达水平等可直接影响疾病的预后和治疗方案的制定。
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关键词:
- 正电子发射断层显像术 /
- 体层摄影术,X线计算机 /
- 乳腺肿瘤 /
- 肿瘤辅助疗法 /
- 预后评价
Abstract: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancy which seriously harmful to the women′s health around the world.The application of PET/CT has remarkably improved the management of breast cancer.PET/CT offers advantages in evaluating breast cancer response to therapy and identifying patients who will not respond optimally to preoperative chemotherapy.In recent years, expression of specific molecular markers in breast cancer, such as estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status, has direct influence on the prognosis and therapeutic regimen. -
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