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乳腺癌是女性肿瘤中最具侵袭性、发病率最高的恶性肿瘤,也是工业化国家中女性的第二大致死性疾病[1]。随着对乳腺癌的临床特性和生物学行为认知的不断深入,以手术治疗为主、结合放化疗等多种疗法序贯应用的综合治疗已经成为比较成熟的治疗模式。放射治疗作为一种有效的局部治疗手段,明显降低了局部复发率并提高了患者生存率,对乳腺癌的治疗疗效已得到普遍肯定[2]。药物治疗包括化疗药物、内分泌药物和靶向药物治疗,是乳腺癌临床治疗中的重要部分,然而乳腺癌多药耐药的出现,以及乳腺癌的异质性使得部分亚型尤其是三阴性乳腺癌的治疗疗效欠佳,因此探索新的治疗靶点是目前亟待解决的问题。
越来越多的证据表明,Wnt/β-catenin(Wnt/β-连环蛋白)信号通路不仅在胚胎发育调控中起到至关重要的作用[3],而且与多种人类肿瘤如乳腺癌、结直肠癌、前列腺癌的发生和发展密切相关[4-5],特别是在三阴性乳腺癌中,β-catenin的异常表达与预后不良密切相关,可以作为其独立的预后因子[6],提示抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路可能是乳腺癌的潜在治疗靶点,目前已成为国际前沿的一个研究热点。本文拟对Wnt/β-catenin信号通路与乳腺癌的关系、作为新的治疗靶点的研究现状及其与放射敏感性的关系作一综述。
Wnt/β-catenin信号通路——乳腺癌的潜在治疗靶点
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway—a potential therapeutic target of breast cancer
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摘要: 乳腺癌是女性中最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,目前主要采取手术结合放化疗的综合治疗手段进行治疗,但是乳腺癌的异质性使得部分亚型尤其是三阴性乳腺癌的治疗疗效欠佳,预后也相对较差。目前研究表明Wnt/β-catenin信号通路异常表达在乳腺癌尤其是三阴性乳腺癌中广泛存在,其与乳腺癌的发生、发展、侵袭、转移和预后不良密切相关;抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路能有效抑制乳腺癌细胞的生长和对化疗药物的多药耐药,而且Wnt/β-catenin信号通路与辐射抗性密切相关。随着对Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的深入了解,它将有希望成为乳腺癌特别是三阴性乳腺癌靶向治疗和放射增敏治疗的新靶点。
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关键词:
- 乳腺肿瘤 /
- 放射疗法 /
- 辐射耐受性 /
- Wnt/β-catenin
Abstract: Breast cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer in women. The combination of surgery and radio-chemotherapy is the best treatment for breast cancer nowadays. However, due to heterogeneity of breast cancers, some subtypes of breast cancer, especially the triple negative breast cancer(TNBC), do not respond well to traditional therapy and has relatively poor prognosis. Recent studies indicate that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which is particularly over-activated in breast cancer, especially in TNBC, is associated with the occurrence, development, invasion, metastasis and poor prognosis of breast cancer. Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling can effectively inhibits the growth of breast cancer cells and multidrug resistance in chemotherapy. Furthermore, Wnt/β-catenin signaling is also closely related to radiation resistance. Therefore, with a better understanding of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, it may be a new radio-chemotherapeutic target of breast cancer, especially for TNBC.-
Key words:
- Breast neoplasms /
- Radiotherapy /
- Radiation tolerance /
- Wnt/β-catenin
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