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近年来,通过临床资料、神经解剖及脑功能成像对小脑功能进行研究,发现小脑除了有维持身体平衡、调节肌张力及协调骨骼肌的随意运动外,还参与语言的处理。通过实验任务探讨小脑在语言处理方面的研究国内外都有报道,如国内学者运用听真假词的任务,发现小脑参与汉字词语语义处理[1];国外学者通过词语押韵判断的任务,发现小脑参与语音处理[2],但用静息态来研究小脑在语言方面的功能极为少见,静息态功能磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI)是近几年发展起来的脑功能成像方法,它无需设计繁琐的实验任务,不需考虑受试者执行任务能力的差异,在静息状态下,既可观察远隔脑区之间的时间序列的同步性,又可观察局部脑区自发的神经活动的程度,已经成为目前研究的热点。该研究采用静息态fMRI探讨小脑在语言中的作用机制。
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本研究经过预处理,把正常对照组头部运动三维平移超过1 mm、三维旋转超过1°的受试者数据剔除;把失语组头部运动三维平移超过2 mm、三维旋转超过2°的受试者数据剔除。符合上述标准的失语组患者12例,男性8例、女性4例,年龄46~74岁,平均年龄(60.5±8.0)岁;正常对照组20名,男性12名、女性8名,年龄54~64岁,平均年龄(59.0±7.8)岁。
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失语患者ALFF值减低的脑区有左侧颞中回、左侧前额叶内侧回、右侧小脑;失语患者ALFF值升高的脑区有左侧枕叶、左侧前额叶、左侧岛叶及右侧楔前叶(P<0.005,Alphasim校正,集簇大小>27体素)(表 1、图 2)。
脑区 Brodmann
分区团块体素大小 MNI坐标 t值 X Y Z 左侧颞中回 21 73 -60 -60 0 4.52 左侧前额叶内侧回 11 79 -3 35 -27 4.59 右侧小脑 - 39 42 -18 -36 4.41 左侧枕叶 19、18、17 220 -45 -69 15 -6.26 左侧岛叶 13 83 -36 -24 27 -5.4 右侧楔前叶 7 43 21 -54 54 -4.39 左侧前额叶 6 35 -39 -3 60 -4.26 注:表中,“-”表示无此分区;P<0.005,Alphasim校正,集簇大小>27体素。 表 1 失语组低频振荡振幅值减低及升高的脑区
Table 1. Brain regions of increased and decreased of amplitude of low frequency fluctuation value in aphasia group
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正常对照组静息状态下与右侧小脑呈正相关的脑区有:右侧小脑后部、小脑蚓部、左侧颞中回、左侧额上回内侧面、辅助运动区(图 3)。正常对照组静息状态下与右侧小脑呈负相关的脑区主要有:左侧额中回、左侧中央后回及右侧额中回(P<0.0001,未校正,集簇大小>40体素)(表 2、图 4)。
图 3 正常对照组静息状态下与右侧小脑ROI呈正相关的功能连接图图中,红色区域表示正常对照组静息状态下与右侧小脑ROI呈正相关的脑区。相关脑区T值越大,表示正相关性越强。图像下角的数值为MNI坐标Z轴的值。图像左右按照影像学常规区分。
Figure 3. Positive functional connectivity map with the right cerebellum ROI of the normal control group in resting state
脑区 Brodmann分区 团块体素大小 MNI坐标 t值 X Y Z 右侧小脑后部 - 1540 33 -81 -33 24.7 小脑蚓部 - 85 6 -54 -39 9.9 左侧颞中回 21 83 -63 -30 -6 8.85 左侧额上回内侧面 9 485 -3 45 21 9.47 辅助运动区 6 76 -48 12 51 7.97 右侧额中回 6 1768 27 6 54 -11.49 左侧额中回 6 136 -21 3 51 -10.68 左侧中央后回 2 703 -45 -30 33 -10.78 注:表中,“-”表示无此分区;P<0.005,Alphasim校正,集簇大小>27体素。 表 2 正常对照组静息状态下与右侧小脑ROI呈正负相关的脑区
Table 2. Brain regions of positive and negative functional connec-tivity with the right cerebellum ROI of the normal control group in resting state
静息态功能磁共振成像技术对右侧小脑参与语言功能的应用研究
Analysis of the mechanism of right cerebellum in language using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging
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摘要:
目的 通过静息态功能磁共振成像技术来探讨小脑在产生语言中的作用机制。 方法 运用西门子3.0T磁共振仪获得静息态数据,用DPARSF软件对静息态数据进行预处理。首先对12例卒中后失语患者和20例正常对照者进行低频振荡振幅(ALFF)分析,在REST软件中行两样本t检验,得到失语组右侧小脑的某一脑区ALFF信号低于正常对照组,然后把此脑区作为种子点和ROI选取区,在正常对照组中进行单样本t检验,得到功能连接图。 结果 与正常对照组相比,失语组左侧颞中回、左侧前额叶内侧回、右侧小脑的ALFF减低;右侧小脑在正常对照组功能连接的脑区有小脑蚓部、左侧颞中回、左侧额上回内侧面、辅助运动区。 结论 右侧小脑本身及通过影响与其存在功能连接和解剖连接的脑区参与语言的产生。 Abstract:Objective To elucidate the generation mechanism of cerebellum in language by resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI). Methods Siemens verio 3.0T MR Scanner was used to obtain all of the subjects of fMRI data. The fMRI data were processed with the software of Data Processing Assistant for Resting-State fMRI Analysis Toolkit. Firstly, 12 patients with poststroke aphasia and 20 normal controls were analyzed by amplitude of low frequency fluctuation(ALFF) and performed with two sample t-test by REST software; Secondly, decreased ALFF of certain brain regions of the cerebellum were selected as the regions of seed point and ROI, and then calculated the single sample t-test in normal controls to obtain function connectivity map. Results As compared with those in normal subjects, the regions showing decreased ALFF in aphasia patients were distributed in left middle temporal gyrus, left medial prefrontal gyrus, right cerebellum. Positive functional connectivity with certain brain regions of the cerebellum ROI was seen in cerebellum tonsil, left middle temporal gyrus, left medial superior frontal gyrus and supplementary motor area. Conclusion Right cerebellum itself and through its impact on the presence of functional connections and structural connections of the brains participate in language production. -
Key words:
- Cerebellum /
- Aphasia /
- Magnetic resonance imaging
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表 1 失语组低频振荡振幅值减低及升高的脑区
Table 1. Brain regions of increased and decreased of amplitude of low frequency fluctuation value in aphasia group
脑区 Brodmann
分区团块体素大小 MNI坐标 t值 X Y Z 左侧颞中回 21 73 -60 -60 0 4.52 左侧前额叶内侧回 11 79 -3 35 -27 4.59 右侧小脑 - 39 42 -18 -36 4.41 左侧枕叶 19、18、17 220 -45 -69 15 -6.26 左侧岛叶 13 83 -36 -24 27 -5.4 右侧楔前叶 7 43 21 -54 54 -4.39 左侧前额叶 6 35 -39 -3 60 -4.26 注:表中,“-”表示无此分区;P<0.005,Alphasim校正,集簇大小>27体素。 表 2 正常对照组静息状态下与右侧小脑ROI呈正负相关的脑区
Table 2. Brain regions of positive and negative functional connec-tivity with the right cerebellum ROI of the normal control group in resting state
脑区 Brodmann分区 团块体素大小 MNI坐标 t值 X Y Z 右侧小脑后部 - 1540 33 -81 -33 24.7 小脑蚓部 - 85 6 -54 -39 9.9 左侧颞中回 21 83 -63 -30 -6 8.85 左侧额上回内侧面 9 485 -3 45 21 9.47 辅助运动区 6 76 -48 12 51 7.97 右侧额中回 6 1768 27 6 54 -11.49 左侧额中回 6 136 -21 3 51 -10.68 左侧中央后回 2 703 -45 -30 33 -10.78 注:表中,“-”表示无此分区;P<0.005,Alphasim校正,集簇大小>27体素。 -
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