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干细胞是一类具有自我复制能力的多潜能细胞,在一定条件下可分化为多种功能的细胞。根据干细胞的不同发育潜能可将其分为3类:全能干细胞、多潜能干细胞和单能干细胞,而胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cells,ESCs)通常被认为是多潜能干细胞,几乎可被诱导分化为机体所有的细胞类型,因此在干细胞治疗、再生医学等领域有着广阔的应用前景[1-3]。
由于ESCs的应用涉及到损毁胚胎的相关伦理学问题[4],近年来通过体外转录因子转染体细胞而获得的诱导性多潜能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cells,iPSCs),因其具有与ESCs相似的生物学特性,为干细胞治疗在医学中的应用掀开了新的篇章。
ESCs和iPSCs在诸多疾病的细胞治疗中得到应用,但如何在活体条件下监测移植细胞的移行、存活及分布等生物学行为仍是目前干细胞治疗所面临的重要课题。分子影像学可在活体条件下无创性地进行干细胞移植的监测,本文仅就核素分子显像监测ESCs及iPSCs移植的研究进展进行综述。
核素分子显像监测胚胎干细胞及诱导性多潜能干细胞移植的研究进展
Advances in radionuclide imaging of monitoring embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells transplantation
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摘要: 胚胎干细胞(ESCs)具有分化成多种细胞的能力,而由转录因子转染体细胞获得的诱导性多潜能干细胞(iPSCs)具有与ESCs相似的生物学特性,且不涉及伦理学相关问题,在干细胞治疗领域得到广泛的应用。近年来,干细胞移植治疗的分子影像学监测得到了快速发展,并取得了显著的成果。该文仅就核素分子显像监测ESCs及iPSCs移植的研究进展进行综述。Abstract: Embryonic stem cells(ESCs) possess the ability to differentiate into various cell types. Induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) are a type of pluripotent stem cell genetically reprogrammed from somatic cells, which have similar biological features of natural pluripotent stem cells, such as ESCs. iPSCs have been widely used in stem cell therapy without any drawbacks of ethical issues. In recent years, there is a growing body of studies concerning molecular imaging of monitoring stem cells transplantation and made significant achievements. This review will be focused on the updated application of radionuclide imaging in monitoring of ESCs and iPSCs transplantation.Stem cell transplantation; Pluripotent stem cells; Radionuclide imaging; Molecular imaging
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