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异位肾是一种相对少见的泌尿系统先天疾患, 其以单侧或双侧肾脏位置改变为特征。因异位肾的形态、位置以及与正常位置肾脏的关系不同, 其功能状态也有较大差异。CT血管造影术与CT尿路造影可分别显示肾血管的起源、走行和集合系统状态, 有助于了解异位肾的病情, 为合理制定治疗方案提供依据。上述检查主要应用于异位肾的定位、形态大小的估测, 无法正确评估其功能状况, 而肾动态显像可弥补这一不足, 但在肾动态显像处理图像并计算肾小球滤过率(glomerular filtration rate, GFR)时, 因肾影清晰, 通常采用后位像进行处理, 而无法采用前位像处理。异位肾、移植肾因肾脏靠近腹壁, 肾影较为清晰, 采用前位像处理图像并获取GFR应更为准确。但目前并未见到有关盆腔异位肾前、后位像处理所获GFR差异的分析报道。
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10例行前、后位采集的异位肾患者, 分别行前位异位肾处理和后位双肾处理, 所获得盆腔异位肾的GFR结果见表 1。其中, 10例患者前位像和后位像处理所获异位肾GFR的均数分别为(27.48±12.24)和(10.71±4.74) ml/(min·1.73 m2), 前者比后者高出46%, 二者间差异有统计学意义(t=5.481, P < 0.01)。
患者编号 GFR前位 GFR后位 1 10.90 4.74 2 24.44 4.24 3 41.31 15.57 4 11.24 6.20 5 40.60 16.33 6 26.38 10.82 7 35.97 9.11 8 28.15 9.45 9 41.39 16.51 10 14.41 14.11 注:表中,GFR:肾小球滤过率;GFR前位:前位像处理所获的盆腔异位肾GFR;GFR后位:后位像处理所获的盆腔异位肾GFR。其中,第6、10号患者在处理前位像时因部分异位肾与膀胱重叠,在勾画肾脏感兴趣区时,将重叠部分去除,异位肾GFR被低估。 表 1 盆腔异位肾肾动态显像前、后位像两种处理方法得到的GFR结果比较[ml/(min·1.73 m2)]
Table 1. Comparing of measured GFR of ectopic pelvic kidney between anterior and posterior imaging processing in renal dynamic imaging[ml/(min·1.73 m2)]
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10例异位肾患者行前、后位像处理所获双肾总GFR与双血浆法GFR结果比较及相关性分析结果见表 2、图 1。其中, 10例患者总GFR前位(前位像处理所获异位肾GRF+后位像处理所获正常肾脏GFR)、总GFR后位(后位像处理所获双肾GRF总和)及总GFR双血浆(双血浆法所获双肾GRF总和)的均数分别为(73.98±18.41)、(60.90±14.47)和(83.59±16.63) ml/(min·1.73 m2), 总GFR前位与总GFR双血浆间差异无统计学意义(t=-2.238, P > 0.05), 总GFR前位与总GFR后位间差异有统计学意义(t=2.638, P < 0.05), 总GFR双血浆与总GFR后位间差异也有统计学意义(t=4.629, P < 0.01)。
患者编号 总GFR前位 总GFR后位 总GFR双血浆 1 82.24 101.24 92.00 2 89.45 57.37 92.30 3 83.61 57.83 84.00 4 60.84 55.80 71.00 5 97.40 73.53 95.00 6 57.00 55.14 102.00 7 86.03 69.05 94.00 8 68.84 49.92 83.70 9 78.41 53.54 78.00 10 35.93 35.62 43.90 注:表中,GFR:肾小球滤过率;总GFR前位:前位像处理所获的异位肾GFR+后位像处理所获的正常肾脏GFR;总GFR后位:后位像处理所获的双肾GFR总和;总GFR双血浆:双血浆法所获双肾GFR总和。 表 2 盆腔异位肾肾动态显像前、后位像两种处理方法所获总GFR与双血浆法所获总GFR结果的比较[ml/(min·1.73 m2)]
Table 2. Comparing of measured total GFR of two kidneys among anterior and posterior imaging processing in renal dynamic imaging and in two-sample method[ml/(min·1.73 m2)]
图 1 10例盆腔异位肾患者肾动态显像前、后位像处理所获总GFR与双血浆法所获总GFR的相关性比较图中,GFR:肾小球滤过率;总GFR前位:前位像处理所获的异位肾GFR+后位像处理所获的正常肾脏GFR;总GFR后位:后位像处理所获的双肾GFR总和;总GFR双血浆:双血浆法所获双肾GFR总和。
Figure 1. All correlation analysis of GFRs from anterior and posterior imaging processing in renal dynamic imaging and in two-sample method in 10 patients with ectopic pelvic kidney
从表 2得知, 前位像处理所获GFR更接近于双血浆法GFR结果, 即前位像GFR更接近于真实的盆腔异位肾功能。第6、10号患者经前、后位像两种处理方法所获GFR结果接近, 这与盆腔异位肾部分同膀胱影重叠有关, 在处理过程中, 重叠部分被剔除。因此, 其前、后位像处理所获的GFR小于双血浆法GFR。
将总GFR前位和总GFR后位与总GFR双血浆分别进行pearson分析和spearman分析, 结果发现总GFR前位(r=0.704, P < 0.05)较总GFR后位(r=0.576, P > 0.05)与总GFR双血浆具有更好的相关性(图 1)。
盆腔异位肾肾动态显像前后位像GFR测定值的差异比较
Comparing the difference of measured GFR of ectopic pelvic kidney between anterior and posterior imaging processing in renal dynamic imaging
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摘要:
目的 比较分析盆腔异位肾肾动态显像前、后位像肾小球滤过率(GFR)测定值的差异。 方法 回顾性分析10例盆腔异位肾患者的肾动态显像GFR测定结果, 分别进行前位异位单肾处理和后位双肾处理, 将后位像处理所获正常肾脏GFR与前位像处理所获异位肾GFR相加, 获得总肾GFR, 并与后位像处理所获双肾GFR和双血浆法GFR测定结果进行比较和相关性分析, 并进行了相应随访。采用配对t检验法和双变量相关分析检验法对数据进行统计学分析。 结果 10例盆腔异位肾患者前位像处理所获异位肾GFR[(27.48±12.24)ml/(min·1.73 m2)]较后位像处理所获异位肾GFR[(10.71±4.74)ml/(min·1.73 m2)]高出46%, 二者间差异有统计学意义(t=5.481, P < 0.01)。前位像处理所获总GFR与双血浆法GFR差异无统计学意义(t=-2.238, P>0.05), 二者的相关性较好(r=0.704, P < 0.05);后位像处理所获总GFR与双血浆法GFR差异有统计学意义(t=4.629, P < 0.01), 二者的相关性较差(r=0.576, P>0.05)。 结论 在肾动态显像中, 前位像处理所获GFR较后位像更能真实地反映盆腔异位肾的功能状况。 Abstract:Objective To compare and analyze the difference of measured glomerular filtration rate(GFR)of ectopic pelvic kidney between anterior and posterior imaging processing in renal dynamic imaging. Methods Methods There were 10 patients collected retrospectively, with ectopic kidneys in pelvic cavity confirmed by ultrasound, CT, renal dynamic imaging and other imaging modalities. All images of ectopic kidneys in renal dynamic imaging were processed by anterior and posterior methods respectively. The ectopic kidney was only processed in anterior imaging, ectopic kidney and contralateral normal kidney were processed in posterior imaging. Total GFR equalled the sum of GFR of normal kidney in posterior imaging and GFR of ectopic kidney in anterior imaging, was compared with total GFR of two kidneys in posterior imaging and GFR in two-sample method. Allcorrelation analysis were completed between GFRs from three methods and all patients were followed up. Statistically paired t-test and bivariate correlation analysis test were used. Results The mean GFR of ectopic kidney in anterior imaging equal to(27.48±12.24) ml/(min·1.73 m2). It was more than GFR[(10.71±4.74) ml/(min·1.73 m2)] in posterior imaging above 46%(t=5.481, P < 0.01). There was no significant difference(t=-2.238, P>0.05), but better correlation(r=0.704, P < 0.05)between total GFR in anterior imaging and GFR in two-sample method. There was significant difference(t=4.629, P < 0.01)and worse correlation(r=0.576, P>0.05)between total GFR in posterior imaging and GFR in two-sample method. Conclusions Comparing with GFR in posterior imaging, GFR in anterior imaging can more truly reflect function condition of ectopic pelvic kidney in renal dynamic imaging. -
Key words:
- Glomerular filtration rate /
- Ectopic kidney /
- Renal dynamic imaging
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图 1 10例盆腔异位肾患者肾动态显像前、后位像处理所获总GFR与双血浆法所获总GFR的相关性比较图中,GFR:肾小球滤过率;总GFR前位:前位像处理所获的异位肾GFR+后位像处理所获的正常肾脏GFR;总GFR后位:后位像处理所获的双肾GFR总和;总GFR双血浆:双血浆法所获双肾GFR总和。
Figure 1. All correlation analysis of GFRs from anterior and posterior imaging processing in renal dynamic imaging and in two-sample method in 10 patients with ectopic pelvic kidney
表 1 盆腔异位肾肾动态显像前、后位像两种处理方法得到的GFR结果比较[ml/(min·1.73 m2)]
Table 1. Comparing of measured GFR of ectopic pelvic kidney between anterior and posterior imaging processing in renal dynamic imaging[ml/(min·1.73 m2)]
患者编号 GFR前位 GFR后位 1 10.90 4.74 2 24.44 4.24 3 41.31 15.57 4 11.24 6.20 5 40.60 16.33 6 26.38 10.82 7 35.97 9.11 8 28.15 9.45 9 41.39 16.51 10 14.41 14.11 注:表中,GFR:肾小球滤过率;GFR前位:前位像处理所获的盆腔异位肾GFR;GFR后位:后位像处理所获的盆腔异位肾GFR。其中,第6、10号患者在处理前位像时因部分异位肾与膀胱重叠,在勾画肾脏感兴趣区时,将重叠部分去除,异位肾GFR被低估。 表 2 盆腔异位肾肾动态显像前、后位像两种处理方法所获总GFR与双血浆法所获总GFR结果的比较[ml/(min·1.73 m2)]
Table 2. Comparing of measured total GFR of two kidneys among anterior and posterior imaging processing in renal dynamic imaging and in two-sample method[ml/(min·1.73 m2)]
患者编号 总GFR前位 总GFR后位 总GFR双血浆 1 82.24 101.24 92.00 2 89.45 57.37 92.30 3 83.61 57.83 84.00 4 60.84 55.80 71.00 5 97.40 73.53 95.00 6 57.00 55.14 102.00 7 86.03 69.05 94.00 8 68.84 49.92 83.70 9 78.41 53.54 78.00 10 35.93 35.62 43.90 注:表中,GFR:肾小球滤过率;总GFR前位:前位像处理所获的异位肾GFR+后位像处理所获的正常肾脏GFR;总GFR后位:后位像处理所获的双肾GFR总和;总GFR双血浆:双血浆法所获双肾GFR总和。 -
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