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DNA是生物体携带遗传信息的重要载体, 也是各种损伤因素中重要的靶。DNA的损伤类型包括碱基损伤、DNA单链断裂和双链断裂、DNA-DNA交联以及DNA-蛋白质交联等。DNA损伤修复基因的编码产物包括DNA修复酶和参与DNA损伤识别及修复调节的一些元件, 在它们的共同作用下, 细胞主要通过碱基切除修复、核酸切除修复、错配修复和重组修复等方式来修复DNA损伤[1-2], 从而维持生物体基因组的完整性并抑制肿瘤的发生[3-4]。
人类X射线交叉互补修复基因(X-ray repair cross complementary gene, XRCC)家族(XRCC1~XRCC9)最初因其具有对哺乳动物细胞电离辐射损伤的防护作用而被发现, 是X射线损伤后DNA修复不可缺少的基因[5]。人的Rad51(真核生物体内的一种蛋白质)也是XRCC家族成员之一, 在同源重组修复途径中起关键作用。XRCC家族由于广泛参与碱基切除修复、同源重组修复和非同源性末端连接等多种修复机制而成为目前DNA损伤修复研究的热点。在碱基切除修复中对XRCC1的研究较多, 在同源重组修复中对XRCC2和Rad51的研究较多。本文就XRCC1、XRCC2和Rad51这3个DNA损伤修复基因的多态性与肿瘤的关系加以综述。
X射线交叉互补修复基因多态性与肿瘤
X-ray repair cross complementing genes polymorphism and tumors
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摘要: DNA损伤是细胞最常见的损伤, DNA修复蛋白可以对DNA损伤进行修复, 在维持生物体基因组的完整性和抑制肿瘤的发生中起着重要的作用。DNA损伤修复基因表达的正常与否与肿瘤的进展有关。该文对目前的研究热点--人类X射线交叉互补修复基因(XRCC)家族中XRCC1、XRCC2和Rad51基因多态性与肿瘤的关系进行了综述。
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关键词:
- DNA修复 /
- 多态性, 单核苷酸 /
- 肿瘤 /
- X射线交叉互补修复基因
Abstract: DNA repair protein can repair DNA damage of cells and play important roles in maintaining the integrity of the genetic information and suppressing the formation of tumor. The expression of DNA repair genes associates with the development of tumors. In this review, an overview of the relationship between XRCC1, XRCC2 and Rad51 polymorphism of X-ray repair cross complementing gene family and tumors was introduced. -
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