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鼻咽癌是鼻咽部上皮组织发生的恶性肿瘤, 是我国华南地区常见的肿瘤之一, 以广东、广西为高发区, 占头颅恶性肿瘤的78.29%[1]。其病因与遗传因素、人类疱疹病毒感染及环境因素有关, 恶性程度较高。鼻咽癌好发于鼻咽顶部及双侧咽隐窝, 由于其位置隐蔽, 检查不易, 且早期临床表现比较隐匿, 无明显特异性, 因而早期难以发现, 误诊、误治率较高, 可达12.2%[2]。目前, 鼻咽癌的治疗方法包括放疗、化疗、手术及伴随治疗。放疗是最主要的治疗方法, 5年生存率为50%~90%[3]。早期诊断、早期治疗并对疗效准确评估和随访是决定鼻咽癌患者预后及生存质量的关键。传统影像学诊断方法是应用CT及MRI, 通过对鼻咽部及颈部组织精细结构的显示来判断治疗效果, 并在随访中判断复发和转移; 但两者是解剖显像, 对鼻咽癌放疗后导致的局部纤维化和形成的瘢痕组织与肿瘤的残留及复发难以鉴别[4]。18F-FDG PET/CT是从分子水平显示葡萄糖代谢的先进方法, 它将PET的功能显像与CT解剖显像有机融合, 在提供葡萄糖代谢信息的同时, 准确显示解剖结构, 在鼻咽癌的临床诊断、分期、治疗及预后评估等方面具有重要价值。本文重点就PET/CT对鼻咽癌综合治疗后患者局部残留、复发或转移的诊断价值及预后评估效能进行综述。
18F-FDG PET/CT在鼻咽癌综合治疗后患者随访及预后评估中的价值
Prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients follow-up after comprehensive therapy
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摘要: 鼻咽癌是一类发病率较高、早期发现困难、误诊误治率较高的头颈部恶性肿瘤。多数鼻咽癌患者对放疗敏感, 但仍有部分患者出现残留、复发或转移。PET/CT作为现代医学影像重要组成部分之一, 将PET的功能显像与CT的解剖成像有机结合, 不仅能有效显示肿瘤的增生、代谢、乏氧及细胞的凋亡状态, 而且能精确显示肿瘤与其周围脏器组织的解剖结构, 在鼻咽癌患者的临床诊断、分期、治疗及预后评估等方面具有重要价值。该文重点就PET/CT对鼻咽癌综合治疗后患者局部残留、复发或转移的诊断价值及预后评估效能进行综述。
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关键词:
- 鼻咽肿瘤 /
- 正电子发射断层显像术 /
- 体层摄影术, X线计算机 /
- 氟脱氧葡萄糖F18
Abstract: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC), which has high morbidity, difficult diagnosis, and poor treatment results, is a type of malignant tumor in head and neck cancer. The mainstay treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma has been radiotherapy as NPC is sensitive to radiotherapy. However, there is a significant rate of local failures and distant metastases. PET/CT, an important imaging modality in modern medicine, combines the functional imaging of PET and the anatomic imaging of CT to efficiently image tumor proliferation, metabolism, hypoxia and cell apoptosis. It can also precisely image the anatomic structure of tumors and their adjacent organs or tissues. PET/CT was found to be particularly helpful for guiding diagnosis and therapy, the staging and grading of tumors, monitoring therapy and in evaluating the prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. -
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