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造血干细胞(hematopoietic stem cell,HSC)具有自我更新能力,且能分化为各种血细胞的前体细胞,在维持造血系统平衡中起着重要作用。HSC在造血系统增殖和分化过程中,受到生长因子、细胞因子和其他分子的严格调控[1],进而维持HSC的稳态。20世纪80年代就已经发现前列腺素E2(prostaglandin E2,PGE2)对造血祖细胞具有调控作用,如抑制人和小鼠粒系-巨系造血祖细胞集落的增殖[2],刺激红系祖细胞的增殖等[3-4]。最近的研究表明,PGE2对HSC也具有重要的影响,包括可提高HSC在移植过程中的归巢、存活和增殖能力,以及提高HSC的长期再植能力和竞争再植频率[5-6],从而提高HSC移植的成功率等。此外,还有研究表明,PGE2对持续损伤导致的应激状态下造血系统的修复及稳定有重要作用[7-8],下面将对PGE2及其对HSC的调控作用进行综述。
前列腺素E2对造血干细胞的调控作用研究进展
Prostaglandin E2 regulates hematopoietic stem cell
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摘要: 前列腺素E2(PGE2)是一种不饱和脂肪酸,具有多种生理活性,由环氧合酶(COX)在炎症刺激下合成。PGE2能抑制髓系祖细胞分化,促进红系祖细胞增生,对造血系统有着重要的调节作用,近期研究发现用PGE2增加造血干细胞(HSC)数量,体外可以减少HSC的凋亡,提高HSC的长期移植重建能力和归巢能力,提示PGE2对HSC有重要的调控作用。此外,PGE2还可以增强辐射损伤后HSC造血系统的重建能力,维持造血系统的稳定性。PGE2调节HSC机制的研究表明,PGE2可以通过抑制活性氧自由基的产生来防止HSC的过度分化,另外还可以通过Wnt信号通路起到维持HSC稳态的作用。将经PGE2处理后的脐带血移植到灵长类动物体内已被证实是安全的,预示着PGE2在骨髓移植中有着潜在的重要临床意义。该文将对最近几年PGE2对HSC的调控作用的相关研究进行综述。Abstract: Prostaglandin E2(PGE2)is a bioactive lipid molecule produced by cyclooxygenase(COX), which plays an important role on hematopoiesis. While it can block differentiation of myeloid progenitors but enhance proliferation of erythroid progenitors. Recent research found that PGE2 have the effects on hematopoietic stem cell(HSC) function and these effects were independent from effects on progenitor cells. Exposure of HSC cells to PGE2 in vitro can increase homing efficiency of HSC to the murine bone marrow compartment and decrease HSC apoptosis, meanwhile increase long-term stem cell engraftment. In-vivo treatment with PGE2 expands short-term HSC and engraftment in murine bone marrow but not long-term HSC. In addition, PGE2 increases HSC survival after radiation injury and enhance hematopoietic recovery, resulting maintains hematopoietic homeostasis. PGE2 regulates HSC homeostasis by reactive oxygen species and Wnt pathway. Clinical beneficial of 16, 16-dimethyl-prostaglandin E2 treatment to enhance engraftment of umbilical cord blood suggest important improvements to therapeutic strategies.
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Key words:
- Dinoprostone /
- Hematopoietic stem cells /
- Hematopoietic homeostasis
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