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恶性肿瘤严重危害人类健康,其中肺癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,在许多发展中国家和地区,因吸烟、生活方式和环境等因素的影响,肺癌的发病率、病死率及复发率持续增高,成为各种恶性肿瘤患者致死的首位原因[1-2]。目前,全世界每年有100万~130万的肺癌患者死亡,据世界卫生组织预测,到2025年,仅我国每年新增的肺癌死亡患者将超过100万,肺癌患病人数将居世界之首。如果肺癌经确诊后不给予任何治疗,因其生长迅速、局部浸润和转移将导致患者平均生存期仅1年[3];而且肺组织是前列腺、卵巢、子宫和骨恶性肿瘤易转移的部位,转移性肺癌也非常常见[2]。肺癌患者总的5年生存率在美国不到15%,我国则更低,其主要原因之一是80%以上的患者就诊时已属于晚期,或部分患者失去了外科手术和多学科根治的最佳时机;其二是对于晚期肺癌至今尚无有效的治疗手段[2, 4]。当前仅15%的肺癌患者适合手术,大部分患者因进展期或晚期或弥漫性转移而失去手术良机,或因心、肺等重要器官功能不全难以耐受手术或拒绝手术。尽管外照射放疗和化疗是晚期肺癌和转移性肺癌的又一补充治疗方法,但相当一部分患者获益并不明显,生存率和生活质量并未提高[5]。因此,对于上述患者,急需寻找其他方法来提高治疗效果和改善其生活质量。
微波消融和131I-肿瘤细胞核人鼠嵌合单克隆抗体联合治疗肺癌
Combination of microwave ablation and 131I labeled tumor necrosis therapy chimeric antibody in the treatment of lung cancer
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摘要: 微波消融(MWA)被认为是一种肺癌局部控制的新型微创治疗方法,它通过超声、CT或MRI引导经皮穿刺导入微波天线,利用微波产热机制,高温原位灭活肿瘤细胞,对原发性周围型肺癌或转移性肺癌局部控制率较高,但对于瘤体负荷较大的肿瘤病灶(如肿瘤直径在3 cm以上)或近肺门的中心型肺癌、多发转移性肺癌的治疗风险大、疗效欠佳。以变性和(或)坏死的肿瘤细胞核作为抗原,将131I标记的肿瘤细胞核人鼠嵌合单克隆抗体(131I-chTNT)与该抗原结合,导致肿瘤坏死,这是一种新型放射免疫治疗法。该方法为肺癌的治疗提供了又一新的方法,然而其治疗肺癌的完全缓解率低。MWA扩大了肿瘤坏死区而有效地增加了131I-chTNT治疗结合抗原的靶点,故MWA联合131I-chTNT治疗可望明显提高对肺癌的治疗效果。Abstract: Microwave ablation(MWA)has been considered as an advanced, minimally invasive technique in the treatment of lung cancer with a high local efficiency. MWA can inactivate tumor cells based on microwave heating mechanisms. It has a high local control rate of primary peripheral lung cancer and metastatic lung cancer result from percutaneous microwave antennas injection under ultrasound, CT and MRI guidance. However, for the lesions those are greater than 3.0 cm in diameter or abutting the hilars and the diffuse lesions there is less effective. 131I labeled tumor necrosis therapy chimeric antibody (131I-chTNT), a novel radioimmunotherapy which uses cell of degeneration or necrotic tumor cell nuclear antigen as target provides a new therapeutic approach for lung cancer, but the complete response is low. MWA can induce a mass tumor necrosis under the action of microwave thermal effect which greatly increases the targeting area for 131I-chTNT radioimmunotherapy. Therefore, combination of MWA and 131I-chTNT will enhance the treatment efficacy of lung cancer.
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Key words:
- Lung neoplasms /
- Microwave ablation /
- Iodine radioisotopes /
- Radioimmunotherapy /
- Antibodies, monoclonal
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