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氯气是工业上应用十分广泛的有毒气体之一,常温下呈黄绿色,有强烈的刺激性气味。急性氯气中毒是指短期内吸入较大量氯气所引起的人体多脏器损害或器官功能受损[1],其中以急性呼吸道损害为主要表现。人体损害程度与接触时间、吸入量、吸入浓度、患者自身状况及采取的防护措施等因素密切相关。临床上可出现咳嗽、咳痰、呼吸困难、胸部紧束感、明显紫绀等症状,严重时出现窒息、中重度昏迷、急性呼吸窘迫综合征甚至危及生命。胸部的影像学表现可以直接反映肺部受损程度以及病程变化的情况,对指导临床治疗具有重要意义。
急性氯气中毒患者胸部影像学表现分析
Analysis of chest image performance in patients with acute chlorine poisoning
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摘要:
目的 探讨急性氯气中毒患者胸部影像学表现及其诊断价值。 方法 回顾性分析117例氯气中毒患者的胸部影像学表现,依据国家职业性急性氯气中毒诊断标准进行分类统计。 结果 胸部影像学表现正常,临床表现为刺激反应者65例;胸部影像学表现为无异常或两肺肺纹理增多、增粗、模糊,临床表现为轻度中毒者31例;胸部影像学表现为局限性小斑片样模糊阴影,肺野有毛玻璃样改变、两肺散在点状和网状阴影,常可见水平裂增厚、单个或多个局限性片状阴影,临床表现为中度中毒者17例;胸部影像学表现为两肺广泛且密度均匀的实变阴影,临床表现为重度中毒者4例。 结论 在有明确的氯气吸入史及出现相关临床表现的基础上,结合胸部影像学表现,能更准确地诊断氯气中毒以及判定病情的严重程度,为临床治疗原则的选择提供重要依据。 -
关键词:
- 氯 /
- 气体中毒 /
- 放射摄影术,胸部 /
- 体层摄影术,螺旋计算机
Abstract:Objective To explore chest image features of patients with acute chlorine poisoning and their clinical values. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed by chest image features of 117 patients with acute chlorine poisoning. All the patients were classified according to Chinese management of occupational acute chlorine poisoning diagnosis standard. Results Sixty-five patients presented with stimulus response, and normal or both lungs had a little more white on their chest images. Thirty-one cases presented with minor poisoning, and without or the texture of both lungs was increased, and grew hazy and coarse. seventeen cases were moderate, and small sample vague shadows or single or multiple limitations lamellar shadow. Four cases were serious, and two lungs had extensive and density homogeneous consolidation shadow. Conclusions It would make the diagnosis and assessment of chlorine poisoning more easier based on the combination of chest image features, the clear history of acute chlorine poisoning and relevant clinical performance. -
Key words:
- Chlorine /
- Gas poisoning /
- Radiography, thoracic /
- Tomography, spiral computed
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