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免疫系统对电离辐射极为敏感,电离辐射会导致机体免疫系统损伤,严重者会出现持久性的骨髓造血抑制,进而导致免疫系统功能低下。小鼠受照后2个月,外周血白细胞计数基本恢复[1-2],但免疫系统功能是否恢复仍有待进一步研究。本研究在小鼠接受6 Gy 137Cs γ射线一次性全身照射后10周,利用革兰氏阴性菌内毒素脂多糖进行刺激,观察受照小鼠免疫系统对严重感染的应激能力,进而探讨亚致死剂量6 Gy γ射线照射对小鼠免疫系统的远期影响。
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小鼠在接受6 Gy γ射线照射后10周,分别提前24 h和1 h腹腔注射脂多糖,最后同时收集血样和单侧股骨细胞进行检测,小鼠外周血白细胞和单侧股骨有核细胞计数结果见表 1。假照射+脂多糖1 h组与照射+脂多糖1 h组小鼠的白细胞数目与各自的对照组相比均急剧下降(t=10.009和4.538,P均<0.01),但照射+脂多糖24 h组白细胞数目基本恢复。假照射组与照射组小鼠在接受脂多糖刺激后,仅照射+脂多糖24 h组出现单侧股骨有核细胞数升高(t=2.078,P<0.05),其余组均未见明显变化,说明小鼠在6 Gy γ射线照射后10周,外周血白细胞和骨髓有核细胞损伤基本恢复。
组别 个体数 白细胞(109/L) 骨髓有核细胞(106/股骨) 假照射对照组 5 5.37±0.92 27.9±2.3 假照射+脂多糖1 h组 5 1.52±0.16 29.9±5.3 假照射+脂多糖24 h组 5 3.00±0.37 26.1±8.8 照射对照组 5 4.30±1.92 18.4±1.0 照射+脂多糖1 h组 5 0.38±0.21 20.1±8.1 照射+脂多糖24 h组 5 4.29±1.50 35.6±5.2 表 1 6 Gy γ射线全身照射后10周假照射组和照射组小鼠外周血白细胞和单侧股骨有核细胞计数
(x±s) -
6 Gy γ射线照射对小鼠脾脏和胸腺脏器指数的远期影响结果见表 2。在接受脂多糖刺激1 h和24 h后,假照射+脂多糖1 h组和假照射+脂多糖24 h组小鼠脾脏指数较假照射对照组分别提高了118%和128%,差异均有统计学意义(t=1.650和1.607,P均<0.05),而照射+脂多糖1 h组和照射+脂多糖24 h组小鼠脾脏指数较照射对照组分别提高了31%和57%,仅照射+脂多糖24 h组与照射对照组差异有统计学意义(t=4.488,P<0.01);假照射+脂多糖1 h组和假照射+脂多糖24 h组小鼠胸腺指数较假照射对照组分别下降了17%和28%,差异均有统计学意义(t=2.839和3.181,P均<0.05),而照射+脂多糖1 h组和照射+脂多糖24 h组小鼠胸腺指数与照射对照组相比未见明显变化。
组别 个体数 脾脏指数 胸腺指数 假照射对照组 5 2.34±0.17 1.84±0.14 假照射+脂多糖1 h组 5 5.10±1.31 1.53±0.20 假照射+脂多糖24 h组 5 5.34±0.37 1.33±0.33 照射对照组 5 3.05±0.55 1.77±0.13 照射+脂多糖1 h组 5 3.99±0.74 1.42±0.24 照射+脂多糖24 h组 5 4.79±0.67 1.47±0.33 表 2 6 Gy γ射线全身照射后10周假照射组和照射组小鼠脾脏和胸腺脏器指数
[(x±s)mg/g] -
6 Gy γ射线照射对小鼠外周血淋巴细胞分型的远期影响结果见表 3。与假照射对照组相比,照射对照组小鼠CD4细胞比例升高(t=2.940,P<0.05),B220细胞和CD8细胞比例降低(t=4.351和6.485,P均<0.01);与假照射+脂多糖1 h组相比,照射+脂多糖1 h组小鼠CD4(t=2.510,P<0.05)、CD8(t=2.862,P<0.05)和B220(t=7.074,P<0.01)细胞比例均明显降低。与假照射对照组相比,假照射+脂多糖1 h组和假照射+脂多糖24 h组的CD4、CD8细胞比例升高,B220细胞比例显著降低;而与照射对照组相比,照射+脂多糖1 h组和照射+脂多糖24 h组的CD4、B220、CD8细胞比例均未见显著变化。
组别 个体数 CD4细胞 CD8细胞 B220细胞 假照射对照组 5 12.1±0.9 11.7±0.8 50.6±6.5 假照射+脂多糖1 h组 5 26.4±6.0 15.9±2.1 40.0±5.4 假照射+脂多糖24 h组 5 23.6±2.0 15.2±1.5 16.2±7.1 照射对照组 5 21.9±7.4 8.8±0.6 23.7±12.2 照射+脂多糖1h组 5 19.4±1.7 11.0±3.2 20.9±2.7 照射+脂多糖24 h组 5 20.0±4.1 8.7±2.3 20.4±6.3 表 3 6 Gy γ射线全身照射后10周假照射组和照射组小鼠淋巴细胞分型
[(x±s)%]
大剂量γ射线照射对小鼠免疫系统损伤远期影响的研究
The long-term effects of high γ-ray dose on the mice immune system
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摘要:
目的 探讨亚致死剂量6 Gy γ射线一次性全身照射小鼠免疫细胞对脂多糖刺激反应性的远期影响。 方法 将实验小鼠分为假照射组和照射组,假照射组不接受照射,照射组给予6 Gy γ射线照射。照射后10周,分别将假照射组和照射组小鼠按组别腹腔注射脂多糖(20 mg/kg),对照组注射等量的生理盐水。分别于24 h和1 h后取材,进行外周血白细胞计数及CD4、CD8、B220细胞比例检测。取脾脏和胸腺称重,计算脏器指数。冲洗单侧股骨进行有核细胞计数。 结果 与假照射对照组小鼠相比,照射对照组小鼠的CD4细胞比例显著升高(t=2.940, P<0.05),CD8和B220细胞比例显著下降(t=6.485和4.351,P均<0.01)。照射+脂多糖1 h组小鼠的CD4(t=2.510, P<0.05)、CD8(t=2.862, P<0.05)和B220(t=7.074, P<0.01)细胞比例较假照射+脂多糖1 h组小鼠显著降低,差异有统计学意义。与假照射+脂多糖24 h组小鼠相比,照射+脂多糖24 h组小鼠单侧股骨有核细胞计数显著升高,差异有统计学意义(t=2.078,P<0.05)。 结论 6 Gy γ射线一次性全身照射后10周,小鼠免疫系统尚未完全恢复;与假照射组相比,在接受脂多糖刺激后照射组小鼠胸腺指数和外周血中CD8和B220细胞比例未见显著变化。辐射对小鼠免疫系统损伤的远期影响有待进一步研究。 -
关键词:
- γ射线 /
- 辐射损伤 /
- 免疫系统 /
- 小鼠,近交C57BL /
- 脂多糖类
Abstract:Objective To investigate the long-term effects of high γ-ray dose on the mice immune system to stimulation of lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Methods The mice were randomly divided into sham-irradiation group and irradiation group. Mice in sham-irradiation group received no irradiation, while mice in irradiation group received 6 Gy γ-ray irradiation. The mice were accepted intraperitoneal injection of LPS(20 mg/kg) in LPS treated group at 10 weeks after irradiation, while the mice in control group were accepted intraperitoneal injection of saline. The mice were sacrificed after 1 h and 24 h respectively. The white blood cells, CD4, CD8 and B220 cells in peripheral blood were detected. The index of spleen and thymus were calculated and the number of bone marrow nucleated cells per femur were counted. Results Compared to the mice in sham-irradiation-control group, the ratio of CD4 cells in irradiation-control group increased(t=2.940, P < 0.05), while the CD8 and B220 cells decreased(t=6.485 and 4.351, both P < 0.01). Compared to the mice in sham-irradiation-LPS 1h group, the ratio of CD4(t=2.510, P < 0.05), CD8(t=2.862, P < 0.05) and B220(t=7.074, P < 0.01) cells in irradiation-LPS 1 h group significantly decreased. Compared to the mice in sham-irradiation-LPS 24 h group, the number of bone marrow nucleated cells in irradiation-LPS 24h group significantly increased(t=2.078, P < 0.05). Conclusions The immune system of mice had not entirely recovered at 10 weeks after 6 Gy γ-ray irradiation. After the stimulation of LPS, the changes of thymus index and CD8, B220 cells numbers were less in the mice of irradiation group than the sham-irradiation group. The long-term effects of radiation on the mice immune system need to be further explored. -
Key words:
- Gamma rays /
- Radiation injuries /
- Immune system /
- Mice, inbred C57BL /
- Lipopolysaccharides
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表 1 6 Gy γ射线全身照射后10周假照射组和照射组小鼠外周血白细胞和单侧股骨有核细胞计数
(x±s) 组别 个体数 白细胞(109/L) 骨髓有核细胞(106/股骨) 假照射对照组 5 5.37±0.92 27.9±2.3 假照射+脂多糖1 h组 5 1.52±0.16 29.9±5.3 假照射+脂多糖24 h组 5 3.00±0.37 26.1±8.8 照射对照组 5 4.30±1.92 18.4±1.0 照射+脂多糖1 h组 5 0.38±0.21 20.1±8.1 照射+脂多糖24 h组 5 4.29±1.50 35.6±5.2 表 2 6 Gy γ射线全身照射后10周假照射组和照射组小鼠脾脏和胸腺脏器指数
[(x±s)mg/g] 组别 个体数 脾脏指数 胸腺指数 假照射对照组 5 2.34±0.17 1.84±0.14 假照射+脂多糖1 h组 5 5.10±1.31 1.53±0.20 假照射+脂多糖24 h组 5 5.34±0.37 1.33±0.33 照射对照组 5 3.05±0.55 1.77±0.13 照射+脂多糖1 h组 5 3.99±0.74 1.42±0.24 照射+脂多糖24 h组 5 4.79±0.67 1.47±0.33 表 3 6 Gy γ射线全身照射后10周假照射组和照射组小鼠淋巴细胞分型
[(x±s)%] 组别 个体数 CD4细胞 CD8细胞 B220细胞 假照射对照组 5 12.1±0.9 11.7±0.8 50.6±6.5 假照射+脂多糖1 h组 5 26.4±6.0 15.9±2.1 40.0±5.4 假照射+脂多糖24 h组 5 23.6±2.0 15.2±1.5 16.2±7.1 照射对照组 5 21.9±7.4 8.8±0.6 23.7±12.2 照射+脂多糖1h组 5 19.4±1.7 11.0±3.2 20.9±2.7 照射+脂多糖24 h组 5 20.0±4.1 8.7±2.3 20.4±6.3 -
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