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促甲状腺激素受体抗体(thyrotropin receptor antibody,TRAb)是格雷夫斯病(Graves' disease,GD)患者体内产生的一种自身抗体。TRAb的检测有利于对GD发病机理的认识,对该病的诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗及其预后都有重要的价值[1]。随着检测技术的发展,TRAb检测的特异度和灵敏度都有了很大提高。本研究将第三代测定方法——电化学发光分析(electrochemiluminescence immunoassay,ECLIA)法与较为成熟的放射性受体分析(radioac-tive receptor assay,RRA)法进行对比研究,以探讨ECLIA法检测TRAb的可行性和临床应用价值。
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各受检组血清FT3、FT4、TSH及TRAb水平检测结果见表 1。由表 1可见,GD症状组FT3、FT4水平异常升高,TSH水平显著下降;GD缓解组和对照组甲状腺激素水平均在正常范围,但前者TSH水平显著低于后者(t=3.713, P < 0.05),FT3和FT4水平的差异无统计学意义(t=1.609,t=1.353,均P > 0.05)。在GD症状组中,ECLIA与RRA两种方法测定的TRAb值均显著高于其他两组(F=11.814,F=3.404,均P < 0.05)。以ECLIA法测定,GD缓解组TRAb水平显著高于对照组(t=2.117, P < 0.05);而以RRA法测定,两组间TRAb水平的差异无统计学意义(t=1.003,P > 0.05)。
例数 FT3(pmol/L) FT4(pmol/L) TSH(mIU/L) TRAb(IU/L) ECLIA RRA GD症状组 32 13.69±1.49 50.85±9.79 0.10±0.07 11.07±2.06 18.79±5.90 GD缓解组 23 4.81±0.21 21.36±3.75 1.68±0.17 3.03±0.76 5.38±0.33 对照组 20 4.40±0.71 16.22±2.74 2.59±0.80 1.25±0.49 5.05±0.16 注:表中,FT3为游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸;FT4为游离甲状腺素;TSH为促甲状腺激素;TRAb为促甲状腺激素受体抗体;ECLIA为电化学发光分析法;RRA为放射性受体分析法;GD为Graves'病。 表 1 各受检组血清FT3、FT4、TSH及TRAb水平检测结果(x±s)
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RRA法检测结果中有23例阳性,同例样本用ECLIA法检测有22例阳性、1例阴性;RRA法检测结果有52例阴性,同例样本用ECLIA法检测有38例阴性、14例阳性;两种检测方法的阳性符合率为95.7%,阴性符合率为73%,总符合率为80%。
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各受检组的TRAb阳性率见表 2。由表 2可见,在GD症状组与对照组中,两种方法检测的阳性率的差异没有统计学意义(χ2=3.691,χ2=1.026,均P > 0.05);在GD缓解组中,ECLIA法检测的阳性率显著高于RRA法(χ2=5.440, P < 0.05)。
组别 总例数 ECLIA RRA 阳性数 阳性率(%) 阳性数 阳性率(%) GD症状组 32 28 88 22 69 GD缓解组 23 7 30 1 4 对照组 20 1 5 0 0 注:表中,ECLIA为电化学发光分析法;RRA为放射性受体分析法;GD为Graves'病。 表 2 各受检组促甲状腺激素受体抗体阳性率的比较
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经Spearman相关分析,两种方法检测血清TRAb的整体相关性好(r=0.705, P < 0.01)。但是经Wilcoxon配对检验表明,ECLIA法的TRAb检测值低于RRA法(Z = -4.399,P < 0.01)。
电化学发光法与放射性受体分析法检测促甲状腺激素受体抗体的对比研究
Comparative study between electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and radioactive receptor assay in measurement of serum thyrotropin receptor antibody
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摘要:
目的 比较电化学发光(ECLIA)与放射性受体分析(RRA)两种方法测定血清促甲状腺激素受体抗体(TRAb)水平的差异,探讨ECLIA法检测TRAb的可行性与临床应用价值。 方法 75例患者,根据临床表现及实验室检查分为格雷夫斯病(GD)症状组32例、GD缓解组23例、对照组20例,采用ECLIA和RRA两种方法分别检测各受检组血清TRAb水平。 结果 ①GD症状组用ECLIA与RRA两种方法测定的TRAb值均显著高于其他两组(F=11.814, F=3.404, 均P < 0.05)。②两种检测方法阳性符合率为95.7%,阴性符合率为73%,总符合率为80%。对于GD症状组和对照组,两种方法的阳性率的差异都没有统计学意义(χ2=3.691, χ2=1.026, 均P > 0.05);而在GD缓解组中,ECLIA法阳性检出率显著高于RRA法(χ2=5.440, P < 0.05)。③两种方法所测TRAb值有明显的相关性(r=0.705, P < 0.01),但ECLIA法的检测值低于RRA法(Z=-4.399,P < 0.01)。 结论 与RRA法相比,ECLIA法具有全自动化、简便、省时、灵敏度高等优点,更适合于对临床GD患者TRAb水平的监测。 Abstract:Objective To compare the difference between electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) and radioactive receptor assay(RRA)in measurement of serum thyrotropin receptor antibody(TRAb), and to explore the clinical value and feasibility of ECLIA in TRAb. Methods Seventy-five patients were selected with symptomatic Graves'disease(GD)group 32 cases, GD in remission group 23 cases and control group 20 cases. Both ECLIA and RRA were used for the measurement of serum TRAb in all the patients. Results ①The values of TRAb with ECLIA and RRA in group of symptomatic GD were higher than those in the other two groups (F=11.814, F=3.404, P < 0.05). ② The positive and negative coincidence rate between the two methods were 95.7% and 73%, respectively. There was no significant difference of the positive rate between the two methods in both groups of symptomatic GD and control ( χ2=3.691, χ2=1.026, P > 0.05), but great difference in group of GD in remission, in which it was higher with ECLIA than with RRA (χ2=5.440, P < 0.05). ③ There was a good correlation between the two methods(r=0.705, P < 0.01), while the value detected by ECLIA was lower than that by RRA (Z=-4.399, P < 0.01). Conclusion ECLIA has the advantages of simple, convenient, timesaving, high sensitivity, and complete automatization, which is more suitable for clinical monitoring of serum TRAb for the patients with GD. -
Key words:
- Graves disease /
- Antibody /
- thyrotropin receptor /
- Chemiluminescent measurements /
- Radioligand assay
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表 1 各受检组血清FT3、FT4、TSH及TRAb水平检测结果(x±s)
例数 FT3(pmol/L) FT4(pmol/L) TSH(mIU/L) TRAb(IU/L) ECLIA RRA GD症状组 32 13.69±1.49 50.85±9.79 0.10±0.07 11.07±2.06 18.79±5.90 GD缓解组 23 4.81±0.21 21.36±3.75 1.68±0.17 3.03±0.76 5.38±0.33 对照组 20 4.40±0.71 16.22±2.74 2.59±0.80 1.25±0.49 5.05±0.16 注:表中,FT3为游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸;FT4为游离甲状腺素;TSH为促甲状腺激素;TRAb为促甲状腺激素受体抗体;ECLIA为电化学发光分析法;RRA为放射性受体分析法;GD为Graves'病。 表 2 各受检组促甲状腺激素受体抗体阳性率的比较
组别 总例数 ECLIA RRA 阳性数 阳性率(%) 阳性数 阳性率(%) GD症状组 32 28 88 22 69 GD缓解组 23 7 30 1 4 对照组 20 1 5 0 0 注:表中,ECLIA为电化学发光分析法;RRA为放射性受体分析法;GD为Graves'病。 -
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