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胶质瘤是最常见的颅内肿瘤, 约占所有颅内肿瘤的45%。胶质瘤呈浸润性生长, 边界不清, 难以完全切除, 对放疗化疗不甚敏感, 非常容易复发, 至今仍是全身肿瘤中预后最差的肿瘤之一。常规采用的增强CT和增强MRI可提供病灶精准的定位诊断信息, 但是, 在胶质瘤的定性、分级、评价治疗及鉴别肿瘤治疗后残余或复发等方面存在明显的局限性, 某些良性病变, 如炎症、脑出血、亚急性脑梗死等也可出现类似胶质瘤的征象, 容易造成误诊。核医学显像可反映病变组织的代谢状况和生理生化改变, 使对胶质瘤的认识深入到分子影像学水平。目前用于胶质瘤显像的核医学显像剂主要有以下几类。
胶质瘤显像剂的研究与应用进展
Advances in application of radiotracers for glioma imaging
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摘要: 核医学显像在胶质瘤的诊断、分级及预后等方面有重要的临床价值,随着核医学的发展,用于胶质瘤的显像剂也越来越多样化,目前研究应用较多的SPECT显像剂有201Tl、99Tcm-MIBI、123I-碘代甲基酪氨酸以及新型受体类显像剂131I-蝎氯毒素等,PET显像剂主要有葡萄糖代谢显像剂、氨基酸代谢显像剂、胆碱代谢显像剂、核苷酸代谢显像剂、乏氧代谢显像剂等。它们分别提供胶质瘤的物质代谢、细胞增殖、组织乏氧等方面的信息,进而用于临床诊断,该文主要对上述各类显像剂在胶质瘤的应用和进展方面进行论述。
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关键词:
- 神经胶质瘤 /
- 体层摄影术, 发射型计算机, 单光子 /
- 正电子发射断层显像术 /
- 放射性示踪剂
Abstract: Nuclear medicine imaging plays an important role in diagnosis, grading and prognosis of patients with gliomas.With the development of nuclear medicine, a variety of radiotracers have been proposed used as targets for glioma imaging.At present, the most widely used SPECT radiotracers are 201Tl, 99Tcm-MIBI, 123I-iodo-methyl tyrosine and 131I-Buthus martensi Karsch chlorotoxin-like toxin.The most important PET radiotracers include radiolabled glucose, amino acids, choline, nucleotides and hypoxia markers.They can provide the information of substance metabolism, cell proliferation and hypoxia metabolism in gliomas to promote the accurate clinical diagnosis.This review mainly introduces the advances in application of above-mentioned radiotracers in glioma imaging. -
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