-
乳腺疾病是女性发病率较高的一类疾病, 其中乳腺癌的发病率更是呈逐年上升趋势, 在女性恶性肿瘤中居于第二位, 是威胁女性健康的重要因素之一。钼靶摄片及超声检查一直是乳腺疾病的主要影像学检查方法。近年来, 随着MRI技术在临床上的广泛应用及不断成熟, 其在乳腺疾病方面的运用也越来越广泛[1-7]。常用的乳腺疾病成像技术有动态增强对比(dynamiccontrast-enhanced, DCE)成像、弥散加权成像(diffusion-weighted imaging, DWI)、灌注加权成像(perfusion-weightedimaging)、磁共振波谱学(magneticresonance spectroscopy, MRS)分析和磁共振乳腺导管成像(magnetic resonance ductography)等, 这些技术为乳腺疾病的诊断和鉴别诊断提供了形态学、血流动力学和生化代谢等信息, 临床应用前景十分广阔。
乳腺疾病的MRI研究进展
Advances in breast diseases
-
摘要: MRI具有极佳的软组织分辨率,近年来,该技术越来越广泛的应用于乳腺疾病的诊断。乳腺动态增强成像和灌注加权成像可从不同角度反映乳腺组织及病灶的血供灌注情况,弥散加权成像和磁共振波谱分析则从分子水平提供乳腺病变组织信息,磁共振乳腺导管成像为导管内病变提供了新的影像诊断方法。随着MRI技术的成熟、软硬件的迅速发展,MRI在乳腺疾病的检出和诊断方面显示出其独到的优势。Abstract: MRI has excellent soft tissue resolution, and this technology is more and more widely used in breast disease diagnosis in recent years.Blood supply and perfusion through the microvascular network of tumor can be imaged noninvasively by dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and perfusion-weighted imaging.Diffusion-weighted imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy can provide molecular information of breast lesions.Magnetic resonance ductography provides a new technology for detecting intraductal breast lesions.With MRI technology maturing and the rapid development of software and hardware, MRI shows its unique advantages in breast lesions characterization.
-
[1] Schnall MD, Blume J, Bluemke DA, et al. Diagnostic architectural and dynamic features at breast MR imaging: multicenter study. Radiology, 2006, 238(1): 42-53. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2381042117 [2] Warren RM, Pointon L, Thompson D, et al. Reading protocol for dynamic contrast-enhanced MR images of the breast: sensitivity and specificity analysis. Radiology, 2005, 236(3): 779-788. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2363040735 [3] Onishi M, Furukawa A, Takahashi M, et al. A wide variety of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR appearances of breast cancer: pathologic correlation study. Eur J Radiol, 2008, 65(2): 286-292. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2007.04.003 [4] Reddy JS, Mishra AM, Behari S, et al. The role of diffusion-weighted imaging in the differential diagnosis of intracranial cystic mass lesions: a report of 147 lesions. Surg Neurol, 2006, 66(3): 246-250. doi: 10.1016/j.surneu.2006.03.032 [5] Yabuuchi H, Kuroiwa T, Kusumoto C, et al. Incidentally detected lesions on contrast-enhanced MR imaging in candidates for breastconserving therapy: correlation between MR fndings and histological diagnosis. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2006, 23(4): 486-492. doi: 10.1002/jmri.20532 [6] Siegmann KC, Krämer B, Claussen C. Current status and new developments in breast MRI. Breast Care(Basel), 2011, 6(2): 87-92. [7] Dorrius MD, Pijnappel RM, Jansen-van der Weide MC, et al. Determination of choline concentration in breast lesions: quantitative multivoxel proton MR spectroscopy as a promising noninvasive assessment tool to exclude benign lesions. Radiology, 2011, 259(3): 695-703. doi: 10.1148/radiol.11101855 [8] Kuhl CK, Mielcareck P, Klaschik S, et al. Dynamic breast MR imaging: are signal intensity time course data useful for differential diagnosis of enhancing lesions. Radiology, 1999, 211(1): 101-110. doi: 10.1148/radiology.211.1.r99ap38101 [9] Sherif H, Mahfouz AE, Oellinger H, et al. Peripheral washout sign on contrast-enhanced MR images of the breast. Radiology, 1997, 205(1): 209-213. doi: 10.1148/radiology.205.1.9314987 [10] Kinkel K, Helbich TH, Esserman LJ, et al. Dynamic high-spatialresolution MR imaging of suspicious breast lesions: diagnostic cri-teria and interobserver variability. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 2000, 175(1): 35-43. doi: 10.2214/ajr.175.1.1750035 [11] Moon M, Cornfeld D, Weinreb J. Dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MR imaging. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am, 2009, 17(2): 351-362. doi: 10.1016/j.mric.2009.01.010 [12] Shafqat G, Agha A, Masror I, et al. Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI breast for lesion detection and characterization with histopathological co relation: preliminary experience at tertiary care hospital. J Pak Med Assoc, 2011, 61(3): 252-255. [13] Goto M, Ito H, Akazawa K, et al. Diagnosis of breast tumors by contrast-enhanced MR imaging: comparison between the diagnostic performance of dynamic enhancement patterns and morphologic features. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2007, 25(1): 104-112. doi: 10.1002/jmri.20812 [14] Jansen SA, Newstead GM, Abe H, et al. Pure ductal carcinoma in situ: kinetic and morphologic MR characteristics compared with mammographic appearance and nuclear grade. Radiology, 2007, 245(3): 684-691. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2453062061 [15] Isomoto I, Koshiishi T, Okimoto T, et al. Gradually enhancing breast cancer on dynamic MRI. Nihon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi, 2000, 60(9): 514-519. [16] Yabuuchi H, Matsuo Y, Okafuji T, et al. Enhanced mass on contrast-enhanced breast MR imaging: Lesion characterization using combination of dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MR images. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2008, 28(5): 1157-1165. doi: 10.1002/jmri.21570 [17] Marini C, Iacconi C, Giannelli M, et al. Quantitative diffusionweighted MR imaging in the differential diagnosis of breast lesion. Eur Radiol, 2007, 17(10): 2646-2655. doi: 10.1007/s00330-007-0621-2 [18] Park MJ, Cha ES, Kang BJ, et al. The role of diffusion-weighted imaging and the apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)valuesforbreast tumors. Korean J Radiol, 2007, 8(5): 390-396. doi: 10.3348/kjr.2007.8.5.390 [19] Paran Y, Bendel P, Margalit R, et al. Water diffusion in the different microenvironments of breast cancer. NMR Biomed, 2004, 17(4): 170-180. doi: 10.1002/nbm.882 [20] Yoshikawa MI, Ohsumi S, Sugata S, et al. Relation between cancer cellularity and apparent diffusion coefficient values using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in breast cancer. Radiat Med, 2008, 26(4): 222-226. doi: 10.1007/s11604-007-0218-3 [21] Manenti G, Di Roma M, Mancino S, et al. Malignant renal neoplasms: correlation between ADC values and cellularity in diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging at 3 T. Radiol Med, 2008, 113(2): 199-213. doi: 10.1007/s11547-008-0246-9 [22] Matsumoto Y, Kur da M, Matsuya R, et al. In vitro experimental study of the relationship between the apparent diffusion coefficient and changes in cellularity and cell morphology. Oncol Rep, 2009, 22(3): 641-648. [23] Jenkinson MD, du Plessis DG, Smith TS, et al. Cellularity and apparent diffusion coefficient in oligodendroglial tumours characterized by genotype. J Neurooncol, 2010, 96(3): 385-392. doi: 10.1007/s11060-009-9970-9 [24] Englander SA, Ulu AM, Brem R, et al. Diffusion imaging of human breast. NMR Biomed, 1997, 10(7): 348-352. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1492(199710)10:7<348::AID-NBM487>3.0.CO;2-R [25] Kul S, Cansu A, Alhan E, et al. Contribution of diffusion-weighted imaging to dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in the characterization of breast tumors. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 2011, 196(1): 210-217. doi: 10.2214/AJR.10.4258 [26] Woodhams R, Matsunaga K, Iwabuchi K, et al. Diffusion-weighted imaging of malignant breast tumors: the usefulness of apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)value and ADC map for the detection of malignant breast tumors and evaluation of cancer extension. J Comput Assist Tomogr, 2005, 29(5): 644-649. doi: 10.1097/01.rct.0000171913.74086.1b [27] Costantini M, Belli P, Rinaldi P, et al. Diffusion-weighted imaging in breast cancer: relationship between apparent diffusion coefficient and tumour aggressiveness. Clin Radiol, 2010, 65(12): 1005-1012. doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2010.07.008 [28] Yamada K, Kubota H, Kizu O, et al. Effect of intravenous gadolinium-DTPA on diffusion-weighted images: evaluation of normal brain and infarcts. Stroke, 2002, 33(7): 1799-1802. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000020355.29423.61 [29] Firat AK, Sanli B, Karakas HM, et al. The effect of intravenous gadolinium-DTPA on diffusion-weighted imaging. Neuroradiology, 2006, 48(7): 465-470. doi: 10.1007/s00234-006-0091-2 [30] Yuen S, Yamada K, Goto M, et al. Microperfusion-induced elevation of ADC is suppressed after contrast in breast carcinoma. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2009, 29(5): 1080-1084. doi: 10.1002/jmri.21743 [31] Kuroki Y, Nasu K. Advances in breast MRI: diffusion-weighted imaging of the breast. Breast Cancer, 2008, 15(3): 212-217. doi: 10.1007/s12282-008-0050-3 [32] Kvistad KA, Rydland J, Vainio J, et al. Breast lesions: evaluation with dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging and with T2*-weighted first-pass perfusion MR imaging. Radiology, 2000, 216(2): 545-553. doi: 10.1148/radiology.216.2.r00au36545 [33] Buteau-Lozano H, Velasco G, Cristofari M, et al. Xenoestrogens modulate vascular endothelial growth factor secretion in breast cancer cells through an estrogen receptor-dependent mechanism. J Endocrinol, 2008, 196(2): 399-412. [34] Liu Y, Tamimi RM, Collins LC, et al. The association between vascular endothelial growth factor expression in invasive breast cancer and survival varies with intrinsic subtypes and use of adjuvant systemic therapy: results from the Nurses'Health Study. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2011, 129(1): 175-184. doi: 10.1007/s10549-011-1432-3 [35] Zhuang XM, Zhang B, Zhu B, et al. Application of T2*-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging in the diagnosis of breast tumors. ChinGer J Clin Oncol, 2007, 6(4): 357-360. doi: 10.1007/s10330-007-0053-0 [36] Ferrier MC, Sarin H, Fung SH, et al. Validation of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging-derived vascular permeability measurements using quantitative autoradiography in the RG2 rat brain tumor model. Neoplasia, 2007, 9(7): 546-555. doi: 10.1593/neo.07289 [37] Zhu DC, Buonocore MH. Breast tissue differentiation using arterial spin tagging. Magn Reson Med, 2003, 50(5): 966-975. doi: 10.1002/mrm.10616 [38] Iacconi C. Diffusion and perfusion of the breast. Eur J Radiol, 2010, 76(3): 386-390. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2010.03.009 [39] Tozaki M, Fukuda Y, Fukuda K. Multi-section magnetic susceptibility perfusion echo-planar imaging of the breast. Nihon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi, 2003, 63(5): 214-220. [40] Delille JP, Slanetz PJ, Yeh ED, et al. Hormone replacement therapyin postmenopausal women: breast tissue perfusion determined with MRimaging----initialobservations. Radiology, 2005, 235(1): 36-41. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2351040012 [41] Makkat S, Luypaert R, Sourbron S, et al. Quantification of perfusion and permeability in breast tumors with a deconvolution-based analysis of second-bolus T1-DCE data. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2007, 25(6): 1159-1167. doi: 10.1002/jmri.20937 [42] Sardanelli F, Fausto A, Podo F. MR spectroscopy of the breast. Radiol Med, 2008, 113(1): 56-64. doi: 10.1007/s11547-008-0228-y [43] Sitter B, Bathen TF, Singstad TE, et al. Quantification of metabolites in breast cancer patients with different clinical prognosis using HR MAS MR spectroscopy. NMR Biomed, 2010, 23(4): 424-431. doi: 10.1002/nbm.1478 [44] Tse GM, Cheung HS, Pang LM, et al. Characterization of lesions of the breast with proton MR spectroscopy: comparison of carcinomas, benign lesions, and phyllodes tumors. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 2003, 181(5): 1267-1272. doi: 10.2214/ajr.181.5.1811267 [45] Huang W, Fisher PR, Dulaimy K, et al. Detection of breast malignancy: diagnostic MR protocol for improved specificity. Radiology, 2004, 232(2): 585-591. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2322030547 [46] Bartella L, Morris EA, Dershaw DD, et al. Proton MR spectroscopy with choline peak as malignancy marker improves positive predictive value for breast cancer diagnosis: preliminary study. Radiology, 2006, 239(3): 686-692. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2393051046 [47] Stanwell P, Mountford C. In vivo proton MR spectroscopy of the breast. Radiographics, 2007, 27 Suppl 1: S253-266. [48] Tse GM, Yeung DK, King AD, et al. In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of breast lesions: an update. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2007, 104(3): 249-255. doi: 10.1007/s10549-006-9412-8 [49] Tozaki M. Proton MR spectroscopy of the breast. Breast Cancer, 2008, 15(3): 218-223. doi: 10.1007/s12282-008-0048-x [50] Bartella L, Huang W. Proton(1H)MR spectroscopy of the breast. Radiographics. 2007, 27 Suppl 1: S241-252. [51] Tozaki M, Fukuma E. 1H MR spectroscopy and diffusion-weighted imaging of the breast: are they useful tools for characterizing breast lesionsbeforebiopsy?. AJRAmJRoentgenol, 2009, 193(3): 840-849. [52] Stanwell P, Gluch L, Clark D, et al. Specificity of choline metabolites for in vivo diagnosis of breast cancer using 1H MRS at 1.5 T. Eur Radiol, 2005, 15(5): 1037-1043. doi: 10.1007/s00330-004-2475-1 [53] Glunde K, Jie C, Bhujwalla ZM. Molecular causes of the aberrant choline phospholipid metabolism in breast cancer. Cancer Res, 2004, 64(12): 4270-4276. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-3829 [54] Bolan PJ, Meisamy S, Baker EH, et al. In vivo quantification of choline compounds in the breast with 1H MR spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med, 2003, 50(6): 1134-1143. doi: 10.1002/mrm.10654 [55] Yeung DK, Yang WT, Tse GM. Breast cancer: in vivo proton MR spectroscopy in the characterization of histopathologic subtypes and preliminary observations in axillary node metastases. Radiology, 2002, 225(1): 190-197. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2243011519 [56] Seenu V, Pavan Kumar MN, Sharma U, et al. Potential of magnetic resonance spectroscopy to detect metastasis in axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer. Magn Reson Imaging, 2005, 23(10): 1005-1010. doi: 10.1016/j.mri.2005.10.004 [57] Jagannathan NR, Kumar M, Seenu V, et al. Evaluation of total choline from in-vivo volume localized proton MR spectroscopy and its response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer. Br J Cancer, 2001, 84(8): 1016-1022. doi: 10.1054/bjoc.2000.1711 [58] Meisamy S, Bolan PJ, Baker EH, et al. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy of locally advanced breast cancer: predicting response with in vivo(1)H MR spectroscopy——a pilot study at 4 T. Radiology, 2004, 233(2): 424-431. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2332031285 [59] Nelson MT, Everson LI, Garwood M, et al. MR Spectroscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Semin Breast Dis, 2008, 11(2): 100-105. doi: 10.1053/j.sembd.2008.03.004 [60] Tozaki M, Sakamoto M, Oyama Y, et al. Predicting pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer with quantitative 1H MR spectroscopy using the external standard method. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2010, 31(4): 895-902. doi: 10.1002/jmri.22118 [61] Tafreshi NK, Kumar V, Morse DL, et al. Molecular and functional imaging of breast cancer. Cancer Control, 2010, 17(3): 143-155. doi: 10.1177/107327481001700302 [62] Jacobs MA, Barker PB, Argani P, et al. Combined dynamic contrast enhanced breast MR and proton spectroscopic imaging: a feasibility study. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2005, 21(1): 23-28. doi: 10.1002/jmri.20239 [63] Hirose M, Nobusawa H, Gokan T. MR ductography: comparison with conventional ductography as a diagnostic method in patients with nipple discharge. Radiographics, 2007, Suppl 1: S183-196. [64] Rovno HD, Siegelman ES, Reynolds C, et al. Solitary intraductal papilloma: findings at MR imaging and MR galactography. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 1999, 172(1): 151-155. doi: 10.2214/ajr.172.1.9888758 [65] Kanemaki Y, Kurihara Y, Itoh D, et al. MR mammary ductography using a microscopy coil for assessment of intraductal lesions. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 2004, 182(5): 1340-1342. doi: 10.2214/ajr.182.5.1821340 [66] Bhattarai N, Kanemaki Y, Kurihara Y, et al. Intraductal papilloma: features on MR ductography using a microscopic coil. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 2006, 186(1): 44-47. doi: 10.2214/AJR.04.1600
计量
- 文章访问数: 1678
- HTML全文浏览量: 533
- PDF下载量: 4