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阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome, OSAHS)作为一种慢性睡眠呼吸疾病, 其特征是睡眠状态中反复发生上呼吸道完全或不完全阻塞, 伴有间断的低氧血症和(或)高碳酸血症、睡眠结构紊乱等, 主要临床症状是睡眠过程中打鼾、呼吸暂停或憋醒, 晨起头痛, 日间嗜睡、疲劳、记忆力下降等。OSAHS发病率高, 严重影响人类的寿命, 国外流行病学调查显示, OSAHS的患病率为2%~4%[1], 我国有关本病的初步流行病调查结果显示患病率约为4%, 未经治疗的OSAHS患者5年病死率高达11%~13%, 全球每日约有3000人的死亡与OSAHS有关[2]。冠心病作为影响人类健康的常见病、多发病, 其形成是由多种危险因素共同作用的结果。已报道的冠心病危险因素除高血压、高血脂、吸烟、肥胖、糖尿病、体力活动缺乏、高龄、男性等传统危险因素外, OSAHS亦是其危险因素之一[2]。本研究旨在探讨OSAHS患者血清高半胱氨酸(homocysteine, HCY)、C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein, CRP)水平与冠心病之间的关系。
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正常对照组、单纯OSAHS组及OSAHS合并冠心病组血清HCY、CRP水平的比较结果见表 1。
例数 HCY(M-moVL) CRP(mg/L) 对照组 30 8.13±5.09 0.56±0.31 单纯0SAHS组 36 22.19±9.44 2.17±1.04 0SAHS合并冠心病组25 41.00±20.97 3.92±1.63 F值 15.80 19.21 P值 < 0.01 < 0.01 注:表中,HCY为高半胱氨酸;CRP为C-反应蛋白;OSAHS为 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征。 表 1 正常对照组、单纯OSAHS组及OSAHS合并冠心病组血清HCY和CRP水平的比较 (
x±s )由表 1可见, 单纯OSAHS患者血清HCY、CRP水平显著高于正常对照者(tHCY=7.31, tCRP=8.17, P均 < 0.01);OSAHS合并冠心病患者血清HCY、CRP水平也显著高于OSAHS患者(tHCY=4.74, tCRP=5.14, P均 < 0.01)。
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将OSAHS患者分为轻、中、重度3组, 每组冠心病发病例数及血清HCY、CRP水平进行比较, 结果见表 2。
组别 例数 冠心病发病例数 HCYCpmol/L) CRP(mg/L) 轻度 9 1 15.85±6.12 1.66±0.95 中度 23 7 29.39±12.11 2.58±1.15 重度 29 17 46.25±21.03 4.32±2.13 注:表中,HCY为高半胱氨酸;CRP为C-反应蛋白;OSAHS为 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征。 表 2 轻、中、重度3组OSAHS患者的冠心病发病例数及血清HCY、CRP水平 (
x±s )由表 2可见, 冠心病的发生在重度组和轻、中度组间有显著差异(χ2=6.96, χ2=4.18, P < 0.01), 轻、中度组间无统计学差异(χ2=1.25, P > 0.05)。随着OSAHS病情的加重, 血清HCY、CRP水平显著上升(FHCY=16.38, FCRP=12.97, P均 < 0.01), 重度组HCY、CRP水平显著高于中度组(tHCY=3.41, tCRP=3.52, P均 < 0.01), 而中度组HCY、CRP水平显著高于轻度组(tHCY=3.17, tCRP=2.13, P均 < 0.05)。
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单纯OSAHS与OSAHS合并冠心病两组睡眠呼吸监测指标的比较结果见表 3。
AHI (次/h) SaO2 < 90%占总睡眠时间的百分比 呼吸障碍事件总时间占总睡眠时间的百分比 最低Sa02 (%) 平均最低Sa02(%) 呼吸障碍事件_最长时间(S) OSAHS组 21.6±12.2 36.15±36.15 36.76±19.03 76.37±8.44 86.24±6.53 56.0±10.1 OSAHS合并冠心病组 43.9±19.6 51.87±24.66 50.34±23.69 64.19±11.89 79.83±7.04 72.4±17.0 t值 5.46 1.88 2.47 4.68 3.65 4.73 P值 < 0.01 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 注:表中,AHI为睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数;SaO2:为血氧饱和度;OSAHS为阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征。 表 3 单纯OSAHS组与OSAHS合并冠心病组睡眠呼吸监测指标的比较 (
x±s )由表 3可见, 单纯OSAHS组及OSAHS合并冠心病组间睡眠呼吸监测指标有显著差异, 其中OSAHS合并冠心病组的AHI、SaO2 < 90%占总睡眠时间百分比、睡眠呼吸障碍事件总时间占总睡眠时间百分比、睡眠呼吸障碍事件最长时间均较单纯OSAHS组升高, 最低SaO2及平均最低SaO2较单纯OSAHS组降低, 表明OSAHS合并冠心病患者的病情程度和缺氧程度严重于单纯OSAHS患者。
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征伴冠心病: 血清高半胱氨酸和C-反应蛋白水平及临床意义
Evaluation and clinical significance of serum C-reactive protein and homocysteine level in obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome complicated with coronary heart disease patients
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摘要:
目的 通过对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)合并冠心病患者血清高半胱氨酸(HCY)和C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平的检测分析,探讨HCY、CRP与OSAHS及OSAHS合并冠心病的相关性。 方法 将研究对象分为正常对照组(30例)、OSAHS组(36例)、OSAHS合并冠心病组(25例),采用化学发光法检测血清HCY和放射免疫法检测血清CRP,并比较3组HCY、CRP的水平;将OSAHS患者按病情再分为轻、中、重度3组,进一步对其冠心病的发生、血清HCY和CRP的水平进行比较;同时比较OSAHS和OSAHS合并冠心病两组患者呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、血氧饱和度(SaO2)等睡眠呼吸监测指标。 结果 ① 血清HCY、CRP水平:正常对照组、OSAHS组、OSAHS合并冠心病组3组间有显著差异(FHCY=15.80,FCRP=19.21,P均 < 0.01);OSAHS合并冠心病组显著高于OSAHS组(tHCY=4.74,tCRP=5.14,P均 < 0.01);OSAHS组显著高于正常对照组(tHCY=7.31,tCRP=8.17,P均 < 0.01)。②OSAHS病情重度患者冠心病发生显著高于轻、中度组(χ2= 6.96,χ2=4.18, P均 < 0.05);随着OSAHS病情的加重,血清HCY、CRP水平显著上升(FHCY=16.38,FCRP=12.97,P均 < 0.01)。③单纯OSAHS组及OSAHS合并冠心病组间AHI、SaO2等睡眠呼吸监测指标有显著差异(tAHI=5.46,SaO2 < 90%占总睡眠时间的百分比:t=1.88,P均 < 0.01;呼吸障碍事件总时间占总睡眠时间的百分比:t=2.47,P < 0.05;最低SaO2:t=4.68,平均最低SaO2:t=3.65,P均 < 0.01;呼吸障碍事件最长时间:t=4.73,P < 0.01)。 结论 OSAHS患者缺氧导致应激引起HCY、CRP水平升高,从而进一步促进冠心病的发生和发展。 -
关键词:
- 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征 /
- 冠心病 /
- 高半胱氨酸 /
- C-反应蛋白
Abstract:Objective To explore the relationship between homocysteine(HCY)and C-reactive protein(CRP)in obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)patients and OSAHS patients complicated with coronary heart disease by detecting the scrum level of HCY and CRP on the mechanism of OSAHS complicated with coronary heart disease. Methods Ninety-one patients were divided into three groups, 30 patients as control group, 36 patients as OSAHS group, and 25 patients as OSAHS complicated with CHD group.Serum HCY level was detected through chemiluminescence.Serum CRP level was detected through radioimmunity.The serum level of HCY and CRP was compared among these groups.OSAHS patients were divided into mild OSAHS subgroup, moderate OSAHS subgroup and severe OSAHS subgroup.The morbidity rate of CHD and the serum level of HCY and CRP were compared among these subgroups.Meanwhile the parameters of polysomnogram such as activity apnea-hypopnea index(AHI)and blood oxygen saturation (SaO 2)were compared between OSAHS group and OSAHS complicated with coronary heart disease group. Results ① There was significant difference among the serum level of HCY and CRP of control group, OSAHS group and OSAHS complicated with CHD group(FHCY=15.80, FCRP=19.21, P all < 0.01).The serumlevel of HCY and CRP of OSAHS complicated with CHD group was significantly higher than that of OSAHS group(tHCY=4.74, tCRP=5.14, P all < 0.01).The serum level of HCY and CRP of OSAHS group was significantly higher than that of control group(tHCY=7.31, tCRP=8.17, P all < 0.01).②The morbidity rate of CHD of severe OSAHS subgroup was significantly higher than that of mild OSAHS subgroup and that of moderate OSAHS subgroup(χ2=6.96, χ2=4.18, P < 0.05).The serum level of HCY and CRP were correlated with the severity of OSASH(FHCY=16.38, FCRP=12.97, P all < 0.01).③There were significant difference between apnea hyponea index and SaO2of OSAHS group and OSAHS complicated with CHD group(tAHI=5.46, percentage of SaO2 < 90%in total sleep time: t=1.88, P all < 0.01;percentage of disordered breathing event in the total sleep time: t=2.47, P < 0.05;lowest SaO2: t=4.68, average lowest SaO2: t=3.65, longest duration of disordered breathing events: t=4.73, P all < 0.01). Conclusion The serum level of HCY and CRP rose because of hypoxia in OSAHS patients, and might play an important role in the mechanism of OSAHS complicated with CHD. -
表 1 正常对照组、单纯OSAHS组及OSAHS合并冠心病组血清HCY和CRP水平的比较 (
x±s )例数 HCY(M-moVL) CRP(mg/L) 对照组 30 8.13±5.09 0.56±0.31 单纯0SAHS组 36 22.19±9.44 2.17±1.04 0SAHS合并冠心病组25 41.00±20.97 3.92±1.63 F值 15.80 19.21 P值 < 0.01 < 0.01 注:表中,HCY为高半胱氨酸;CRP为C-反应蛋白;OSAHS为 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征。 表 2 轻、中、重度3组OSAHS患者的冠心病发病例数及血清HCY、CRP水平 (
x±s )组别 例数 冠心病发病例数 HCYCpmol/L) CRP(mg/L) 轻度 9 1 15.85±6.12 1.66±0.95 中度 23 7 29.39±12.11 2.58±1.15 重度 29 17 46.25±21.03 4.32±2.13 注:表中,HCY为高半胱氨酸;CRP为C-反应蛋白;OSAHS为 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征。 表 3 单纯OSAHS组与OSAHS合并冠心病组睡眠呼吸监测指标的比较 (
x±s )AHI (次/h) SaO2 < 90%占总睡眠时间的百分比 呼吸障碍事件总时间占总睡眠时间的百分比 最低Sa02 (%) 平均最低Sa02(%) 呼吸障碍事件_最长时间(S) OSAHS组 21.6±12.2 36.15±36.15 36.76±19.03 76.37±8.44 86.24±6.53 56.0±10.1 OSAHS合并冠心病组 43.9±19.6 51.87±24.66 50.34±23.69 64.19±11.89 79.83±7.04 72.4±17.0 t值 5.46 1.88 2.47 4.68 3.65 4.73 P值 < 0.01 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 注:表中,AHI为睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数;SaO2:为血氧饱和度;OSAHS为阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征。 -
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