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恶性胶质瘤是颅内最常见的一种原发肿瘤, 其恶性程度较高、浸润性较强、预后较差, 治疗上以最大可能的手术切除为主, 辅以术后放疗、化疗[1]。由于恶性胶质瘤多呈浸润性生长, 手术很难完全切除, 且部分肿瘤由于位置的限制, 无法行手术治疗, 因此, 放疗在恶性胶质瘤的治疗中具有重要的作用。随着放疗设备、计算机技术及影像学等各方面的进展, 放疗的发展日新月异, 三维适形及调强放疗技术的应用越来越多, 并且在颅内恶性胶质瘤治疗中的应用也日趋广泛, 这样便对放疗靶区的精确勾画提出了较高的要求。MRI作为一种影像学检查手段, 具有较高的软组织分辨能力, 能够提供三维成像, 在肿瘤诊断尤其是颅内肿瘤的诊断中发挥着重要的作用, 并且随着MRI技术的发展, 如高场强MRI机、弥散加权成像(diffusion-weighted imaging, DWI)、灌注加权成像(perfusion-weighted imaging, PWI)及磁共振波谱(magnetic resonance spectroscopy, MRS)等, MRI在颅内肿瘤放疗中的应用逐渐增多, 如预后判断、放疗计划及肿瘤复发与坏死的鉴别等[2-4]。本文就MRI在颅内恶性胶质瘤的放疗定位和靶区勾画、肿瘤复发与坏死鉴别方面的应用情况作一综述。
MRI在颅内恶性胶质瘤放疗中的应用进展
The use of MRI in radiotherapy of brain malignant gliomas
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摘要: 随着放疗技术的发展,MRI在颅内恶性胶质瘤放射治疗中的应用越来越广泛,尤其是在颅内恶性胶质瘤的预后判断、放疗定位与靶区勾画、肿瘤复发与坏死鉴别等方面。在放疗计划方面,由于MRI具有优越的软组织分辨能力,因此已广泛用于靶区勾画中,目前多采用与CT融合进行靶区勾画,而完全采用MRI进行定位及靶区勾画的研究方兴未艾。在肿瘤复发与坏死鉴别方面,随着功能性成像的发展,MRI正发挥着越来越大的作用,已成为必不可少的一种检查手段。Abstract: MRI was used in radiotherapy of brain tumor more and more comprehensively, especially in the prognosis, radiotherapy planning and differentiation between recurrence and necrosis of brain tumor. Due to the excellent ability in the differentiation of soft tissue, MRI extensively fusing with CT was used in drawing the outline of the tumor.Maybe in the future, it is possible to use MRI absolutely in radiotherapy planning of brain tumor.With the development of the functional MRI, MRI will be a necessary method used widely in the differetion between brain tumor reccurence and radiation injury.
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Key words:
- Gliomas /
- Radiotheraphy /
- Magnetic resonance imaging
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