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干燥综合征(Sjögren’ssymptoms, SS)是一种以淋巴细胞浸润唾液腺和泪腺等外分泌腺为主, 造成外分泌腺功能损害, 从而引起口干、眼干等典型临床症状的一种自身免疫性疾病[1]。根据2002年修订的SS国际诊断(分类)标准[2], 唾液腺是否受损是诊断SS的重要标准之一。对于SS的诊断, 在过去的数十年中有多种诊断标准被提出, 其中, 唾液腺造影术被认为是诊断SS的金标准, 但由于其属于有创性操作, 给患者带来不同程度的不适, 且伴随一定的并发症, 从而限制了其广泛应用[3]。
唾液腺具有摄取和排泌99Tcm-高锝酸盐(99Tcmpertechnetate, 99TcmO4-)的功能, 静脉注射99TcmO4-后, 其随血流到达唾液腺, 被正常唾液腺间叶导管上皮细胞摄取, 并暂时浓聚于腺体内, 之后经唾液腺导管逐渐分泌到口腔。因此, 通过唾液腺显像方式可以观察唾液腺的位置、形态和大小, 还能观察唾液腺的功能及其导管的通畅情况。唾液腺显像被欧洲专家组纳入SS的诊断研究[2], 由于其具有无创、操作简单和易于被患者接受等优势, 已被广泛应用于临床[4-6]。现将唾液腺放射性核素显像在SS诊断中的应用研究进展综述如下。
唾液腺放射性核素显像在干燥综合征诊断中的应用研究进展
Advances in application of salivary gland radionuclide imaging on the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome
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摘要: 唾液腺功能的评估在干燥综合征(SS)患者的诊断、治疗决策和随访中起着重要作用。唾液腺放射性核素显像是评估唾液腺功能的一种无创的、易操作的方法,该方法已被欧洲专家组作为SS的一个诊断标准。该文就唾液腺放射性核素显像在SS定性、定量诊断中的应用研究进展进行综述。Abstract: The evaluation of salivary gland function plays an important role in diagnosis, therapeutic decision and follow-up of patients with Sjögren's symptoms.As a non-invasive and easy-to-perform method, salivary gland scintigraphy has been accepted as a criterion for the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome by the American-European consensus group.This study aims at to review the advances in application of salivary gland scintigraphy on the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome.
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Key words:
- Salivary gland /
- Sjögren's syndrome /
- Radionuclide imaging
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