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在我国,前列腺癌的发病率逐年上升。目前,对于前列腺癌治疗的疗效评价和肿瘤复发的早期诊断主要依靠检测前列腺特异性抗原(prostate-specific antigen,PSA)水平,且对于前列腺癌复发的患者,其肿瘤是局部复发还是已经发生远处转移,仍缺乏合适的常规影像学检查方法。18F-FDG PET-CT能同时提供肿瘤细胞的增殖代谢信息和肿瘤病灶的解剖结构信息,可一次成像探测全身转移灶。为此,本研究探讨了18F-FDG PET-CT对前列腺癌复发、转移的诊断价值。
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23例患者中,PET-CT阳性20例,其中:前列腺局部结节状放射性浓聚(SUV为2.7~10.8)5例;盆腔淋巴结转移8例;全身多发淋巴结转移1例,其中最大转移淋巴结为2.9 cm×2.8 cm,最小淋巴结短径5 mm;盆腔脓肿1例;全身骨转移5例,发现骨转移病灶27处。3例患者的PET-CT在全身未见恶性征象。小淋巴结与骨转移的明确定位均依靠PET-CT融合图像获得。血清PSA水平与PET-CT的关系见表 1。
组别 例数 血清PSA值(mg/L) < 10 10~20 20~100 > 100 PET-CT阳性 20 1 3 10 6 PET-CT阴性 3 2 1 0 0 表 1 前列腺癌患者治疗后复发、转移的PET-CT诊断与PSA水平的关系(例数)
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PET-CT诊断为阳性患者的20例中,12例患者经活组织或切除后病理检查,证实盆腔淋巴结转移8例,其中1例为调强适形放疗后出现小便次数增多、血尿、腰骶部疼痛,PSA为49 mg/L,PET-CT图像示右侧髂血管旁多发肿大淋巴结18F-FDG代谢增高,临近膀胱壁增厚,考虑为前列腺癌膀胱壁受侵犯及盆腔淋巴结转移(图 1);盆腔脓肿1例;前列腺癌局部复发3例,均为内分泌治疗后PSA稳定(6~100 mg/L)的患者。7例患者经临床随访证实复发、转移,均为内分泌治疗后PSA水平持续上升者,其中2例CT、B超示盆腔淋巴结肿大,5例骨扫描证实全身多发骨转移,随访结果示复发性前列腺癌治疗后未控。
图 1 前列腺癌患者,86岁,调强适形放疗后,小便次数增多、血尿、PSA水平升高。PET-CT图像示右侧髂血管旁多发肿大淋巴结18F-FDG代谢增高,临近膀胱壁增厚,考虑为前列腺癌膀胱壁受侵犯及盆腔多发淋巴结转移。
PET-CT未见恶性征象的3例患者中,1例B超提示前列腺体积增大,腺体不对称,右侧叶低回声,穿刺活检未见异常;2例前列腺癌根治术后随访1年未见异常。
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8例PET-CT诊断为盆腔淋巴结转移者,B超、CT仅发现2例;1例PET-CT诊断全身多发淋巴结转移者,B超和腹部CT均未见异常;全身骨显像提示骨转移5例,与PET-CT结果一致,但全身骨显像发现骨转移灶仅24处。
18F-FDG PET-CT诊断前列腺癌复发与转移的价值
Value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in diagnoss of prostate cancer recurrence and metastasis
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摘要:
目的 探讨18F-FDG PET-CT在前列腺癌复发、转移诊断中的价值。 方法 回顾性分析23例前列腺癌治疗后随访期间临床怀疑复发、转移患者的18F-FDG显像资料,同期常规显像检查结果,病理及临床随访结果。 结果 经病理及临床随访结果证实前列腺癌复发、转移者19例。PET-CT诊断为阳性者20例,其中1例盆腔脓肿、5例前列腺癌局部复发、8例盆腔淋巴结转移、1例全身多发淋巴结转移和5例骨转移;18F-FDG PET-CT诊断前列腺癌复发与转移的灵敏度为100%(19/19),特异度为75%(3/4),准确率为95%(22/23)。内分泌治疗后前列腺特异性抗原水平较稳定及逐渐升高者共12例,PET-CT均准确显示。与B超、CT、骨显像相比,PET-CT可发现更多的病灶。 结论 18F-FDG PET-CT对前列腺癌复发、转移的诊断有重要价值。 -
关键词:
- 前列腺肿瘤 /
- 正电子发射断层显像术 /
- 体层摄影术,X线计算机 /
- 氟脱氧葡萄糖F18 /
- 前列腺特异性抗原
Abstract:Objective To investigate the value of 18F-FDG PET-CT on patients with suspected prostate cancer recurrence and metastasis. Methods Retrospective analysis 23 patients with prostate cancer who were suspected to have tumor recurrence and metastasis during follow-up, underwent 18F-FDG PET-CT examination. 18F-FDG PET-CT results were compared with those of conventional images, as referred to histopathology or clinical follow-up. Results In total, 19 patients with recurrence and metastasis were confirmed by histopathology or clinical follow-up. Twenty patients were found to have positive lesion by 18F-FDG PET-CT, including the pelic abscess (1case), prostate cancer local recurrence(5cases), lymph node metastases(8cases), multiple systemic lymph node metastasis(1case)and bone metastases(5cases). The sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET-CT was 100%(19/19)in diagnosis carcinoma recurrence and metastasis, and the specificity and accuracy were 75%(3/4)and 95%(22/23). The levels of prostate specific antigen in 12 patients gradually increased after endocrine theraphy, and PET-CT could dipit this accurately. Compared with conventional images such as B mode ultrasonic, CT, bone imaging, 18F-FDG PET-CT could find more focus. Conclusion 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging is valuable in diagnosing recurrent and metastatic prostate cancer. -
表 1 前列腺癌患者治疗后复发、转移的PET-CT诊断与PSA水平的关系(例数)
组别 例数 血清PSA值(mg/L) < 10 10~20 20~100 > 100 PET-CT阳性 20 1 3 10 6 PET-CT阴性 3 2 1 0 0 -
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