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精神分裂症(schizophrenia)是一种以基本个性改变、思维和行为的分裂、精神活动与环境不协调等为主要特征的复杂性精神疾患。据统计,在全世界范围内,精神分裂症的终生患病率约为1%,其社会负担占各种疾病的第7位[1]。该病的发生涉及遗传和环境等多方面因素,确切的病因及发病机制目前尚不清楚。有关精神分裂症的神经化学、神经生理及药理学研究一直是科研工作者研究的热点。PET作为一种神经分子影像学技术,近年来借助不同的示踪剂,广泛用于确定人脑中重要的物质代谢、神经递质和受体的活性及分布,因此,PET可用于研究精神分裂症的神经化学及病理生理学机制,使人们对精神分裂症的认识深入到了分子水平。
PET在精神分裂症中的研究进展
Progress of PET imaging in Schizophrenia
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摘要: PET是一种可以用于评估大脑代谢活性、血流及确定人脑中重要的神经递质分布的功能神经影像工具。与传统影像技术相比,PET能够借助不同的示踪剂定性、定量地分析大脑葡萄糖代谢、血流、多巴胺及5-羟色胺神经递质和受体的分布及活性改变,因此广泛用于精神分裂症的神经生化及病理生理学机制的研究。该文通过不同的放射性示踪剂,简要综述PET在精神分裂症患者中的大脑多巴胺能神经递质及受体、5-羟色胺受体的分布、认知功能障碍等方面的研究进展。
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关键词:
- 正电子发射断层显像术 /
- 受体,多巴胺 /
- 受体,血清素 /
- 精神分裂症 /
- 认知障碍
Abstract: PET is an important functional neuroimaging technique that can be used to assessment of cerebral metabolic activity and blood flow and identifies the distribution of important neurotransmitters in the human brain. Compared with other conventional imaging techniques, PET enables regional cerebral glucose metabolism, blood flow, dopaminergic and serotonergic receptor function to be assessed qualitatively and quantitatively. In recent years, PET increasingly being used greatly to advance our understanding of the neurobiology and pathophysiology of schizophrenia. This review focuses on the use of PET tracers in identifying regional brain abnormalities and regions associated with cognitive functioning in schizophrenia. -
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