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通过近数十年的研究, 基因治疗已经逐渐从实验室阶段走向了临床应用。一些专家组已经探讨了基因治疗对肿瘤、遗传性疾病、缺血性疾病或者传统方法很难治愈的其他一些疾病进行根治的可行性[1-3]。基因治疗主要涉及外源基因的转运、治疗基因的表达和靶目标功能的获取等几个方面, 其中最关键的环节是对治疗基因的表达进行监测。虽然靶组织采样的基因表达分析可以获得相关信息, 但属于有创性手段, 并且为了评价基因随时间的表达情况需要连续的多次活检, 这在临床应用中难以实现, 因此, 如何无创性监测治疗基因的表达及进行定量分析就成为目前基因治疗研究的热点之一。
绝大多数的治疗基因因为缺少配体或底物而不能进行直接监测, 报告基因的研究应用在很大程度上解决了该难题。由于报告基因本身独特的理化特性, 选择适当的并且结合正确的报告探针就可以采用多种形式间接地对治疗基因的表达进行无创性的活体内监测。根据监测方法的不同, 将目前应用较广泛的报告基因系统分为以下三类: 核医学报告基因系统、磁共振报告基因系统和光学报告基因系统。本文主要就各类报告基因系统的优缺点和发展趋势进行概述。
分子影像报告基因系统的研究进展
Advances in study of molecular imaging reporter gene systems
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摘要: 分子影像报告基因系统的应用使基因治疗从实验阶段逐渐走向了临床应用,为无创性监测治疗基因的表达及进行定量分析提供了方法学技术。目前研究最多、最成熟的仍是放射性核素报告基因系统,近年来磁共振报告基因系统和光学报告基因系统的兴起和发展,极大地丰富和完善了分子影像报告基因系统的内容,并且在与应用化学和分子生物学等多学科交叉合作的基础上,涌现出了很多新型的修饰或改良的报告基因和分子探针。该文主要概述各类报告基因系统的优缺点和发展趋势。Abstract: The use of molecular imaging reporter gene systems has allowed gene therapy to move from the laboratory to the clinical application, which provides methodology to monitor the expression of therapeutic gene noninvasively and achieve quantitative outcome in vivo.Recently, the radionuclide reporter gene stillis the focus of many studies, but MRI and optical reporter gene have gradually played a important part in reporter gene systems.On the basis of combination of multi-subject, for example applied chemistry and molecular biology, more and more new modified reporter genes and molecular probes have spread out.This paper mainly introduces the advantages and disadvantages of reporter gene system and development trends.
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Key words:
- Genes, reporter /
- Molecular probes /
- Molecular imaging techniques
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