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肝反应性淋巴样组织增生(reactive lymphoid hyperplasia,RLH)是一种罕见的良性病变,与肝原发黏膜相关淋巴样组织(mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue,MALT)淋巴瘤[1]、肝细胞癌、胆管癌和转移性肝癌相鉴别[2-5]。目前关于肝RLH的18F-FDG PET/CT显像的研究非常少见,国内尚未见有相关文献报道,国外文献也仅有病例报告及文献荟萃[6-9]。肝RLH的18F-FDG PET/CT显像特征尚不明确,本研究旨在提高临床医师对肝RLH的诊断及鉴别诊断能力。
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由表1可知,7例肝RLH患者中,71.4%(5/7)患者为单发病灶、28.6%(2/7)患者为多发病灶,共11个病灶,均位于肝包膜下,其中位于肝左叶5个、肝右叶6个。7个病灶呈类圆形、4个呈椭圆形,均无清晰边界。CT平扫结果显示,11个病灶密度均匀,长径(14.9±1.2) mm,范围5.5~19.2 mm。结合彩超及MRI发现的2个等密度病灶中,1个病灶18F-FDG高摄取合并肝硬化,另1个病灶18F-FDG低摄取无肝硬化。9个病灶呈低密度,CT值为(42.1±3.1) HU,低于邻近肝实质的CT值(55.9±1.5) HU,二者差异有统计学意义(t=−7.36,Ρ<0.001)。
患者
序号既往史 性别 年龄
(岁)病灶数
(个)病灶部位 形态 长径
(mm)CT值
(HU)早期显像
SUVmax延迟显像
SUVmaxRI(%) 肝左叶 肝右叶 椭圆形 类圆形 1 慢性乙型肝炎 男 59 3 2 1 2 1 16.9±1.9 41.7±3.1 6.2±1.1 6.6±2.7 3.3 2 慢性乙型肝炎 男 46 3 1 2 1 2 16.1±3.4 42.6±4.7 2.5±0.8 2.1±0.7 −1.4 3 自身免疫性肝炎合并肝硬化 女 77 1 − 1 1 − 15.0 45.0a 6.4 7.3 14.1 4 结肠癌 女 52 1 − 1 − 1 5.5 54.1a 1.4 2.2 57.1 5 乳腺癌 女 66 1 1 − − 1 17.0 43.7 7.7 8.9 15.8 6 肾乳头状癌 女 64 1 − 1 − 1 16.0 44.5 4.9 5.5 12.2 7 贲门平滑肌瘤 女 59 1 1 − − 1 12.0 41.0 5.6 6.1 8.9 注:a表示病灶CT值接近邻近肝实质;−表示无此项数据。FDG为氟脱氧葡萄糖;PET为正电子发射断层显像术;CT为计算机体层摄影术;SUVmax为最大标准化摄取值;RI为滞留指数 表 1 7例肝反应性淋巴样组织增生患者(11个病灶)的临床资料及18F-FDG PET/CT影像特征
Table 1. Clinical data and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging features of 7 patients with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver (11 lesions)
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18F-FDG PET/CT显像结果显示,11个病灶中,63.6%(7/11)病灶的18F-FDG摄取高于肝实质(典型病例图见图1),其中85.7%(6/7)病灶延迟显像的SUVmax升高,14.3%(1/7)病灶延迟显像的SUVmax降低。18F-FDG PET/CT 早期、延迟显像病灶的SUVmax分别为6.2±0.4和6.8±0.7,RI为12.2%(8.9%,15.5%);36.4%(4/11)病灶的18F-FDG摄取低于或邻近肝实质(典型病例图见图2),18F-FDG PET/CT延迟显像与早期显像病灶的SUVmax无明显变化,分别为2.2±0.4和2.1±0.4。
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7例肝RLH患者中,1例经穿刺活体组织病理学检查结果确诊为肝RLH,6例经手术组织病理学检查结果确诊为肝RLH。部分肝切除标本的切面呈灰白色,界限清晰,无出血、坏死情况。病变区MALT明显增生伴淋巴滤泡形成,生发中心扩大,核无异型性,周围肝组织汇管区MALT增生(图3)。免疫组织化学检查结果显示,T细胞表面标志物分化抗原簇(cluster of differentiation,CD)3或CD4阳性表达;B细胞表面标志物CD20或CD79a在淋巴滤泡中阳性表达,这提示多克隆性,T细胞与B细胞分布未见异常。生发中心的淋巴细胞B淋巴细胞瘤2阴性表达,CD10阳性表达。1例EB病毒编码miRNA的FISH检测结果为阳性,这提示EB病毒MALT反应性增生,其他6例EB病毒编码miRNA的FISH检测结果均为阴性;FISH方法检测MALT1基因无异常,基因重排结果显示未见免疫球蛋白重基因座(IgH)及T细胞受体克隆性重排。
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5例单发病灶患者均行手术切除,术后半年至1年电话问诊或影像检查复诊均未发现复发和转移;1例多发病灶患者经肝穿刺活体组织病理学检查结果确诊并进行保守治疗1年后复查的MRI无变化;1例多发病灶患者术后2年余复查的MRI显示新增2个病灶(非手术区),新增最大病灶的长径为18 mm。
肝反应性淋巴样组织增生18F-FDG PET/CT双时相显像表现
18F-FDG PET/CT dual-phase imaging characteristics of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of liver
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摘要:
目的 探讨肝反应性淋巴样组织增生(RLH)的18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖(FDG) PET/CT双时相显像表现。 方法 回顾性分析2016年9月至2021年7月于复旦大学附属中山医院行18F-FDG PET/CT双时相显像并经手术标本或穿刺组织病理学检查结果确诊为肝RLH的7例患者的临床资料和影像资料,其中男性2例、女性5例,年龄(60.4±3.7)岁。观察肝RLH的 18F-FDG PET/CT显像表现,分别测量及计算病灶长径、病灶与邻近肝脏的CT值、早期显像及延迟显像的最大标准化摄取值(SUVmax)、肝本底 SUVmax、滞留指数(RI)。符合正态分布的计量资料的比较采用两独立样本t检验。 结果 7例肝RLH患者中,71.4%(5/7)患者为单发病灶、28.6%(2/7)患者为多发病灶,共11个病灶,均位于肝包膜下,其形态呈类圆形或椭圆形,边界模糊,长径5.5~19.2(14.9±1.2) mm。CT平扫结果显示,11个病灶密度均匀,其中2个病灶呈等密度,9个病灶呈低密度,其CT值为(42.1±3.1) HU,低于邻近肝实质的CT值(55.9±1.5) HU,且二者的差异有统计学意义(t=−7.36,Ρ<0.001)。18F-FDG PET/CT显像结果显示,63.6%(7/11)病灶的18F-FDG摄取高于肝实质,其中85.7%(6/7)病灶延迟显像的SUVmax升高,14.3%(1/7)病灶延迟显像的SUVmax降低,早期、延迟显像病灶的SUVmax分别为6.2±0.4和6.8±0.7,RI为12.2%(8.9%,15.5%);36.4%(4/11)病灶的18F-FDG 摄取低于或邻近肝实质,延迟显像病灶的SUVmax无明显变化,早期、延迟显像病灶的SUVmax分别为2.2±0.4和2.1±0.4。 结论 肝RLH病灶多位于肝包膜下,呈均匀稍低密度灶,边界模糊。18F-FDG PET/CT显像显示多数病灶18F-FDG高摄取,少数病灶呈等摄取或低摄取,延迟显像SUVmax多升高,多发病灶18F-FDG摄取相近或相差很大。 -
关键词:
- 假淋巴瘤 /
- 肝 /
- 正电子发射断层显像术 /
- 体层摄影术,X线计算机 /
- 氟脱氧葡萄糖F18 /
- 最大标准化摄取值
Abstract:Objective To explore 18F-flurodexyglucose (FDG) PET/CT dual-phase imaging characteristics of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) of the liver. Methods The clinical and imaging data of 7 patients with liver RLH diagnosed by 18F-FDG PET/CT dual-phase imaging in Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University from September 2016 to July 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients comprised 2 males and 5 females, aged (60.4±3.7) years. The 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging findings of the lesions were observed. The length and diameter of the lesions, CT values of the lesions and the adjacent liver, maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), liver background SUVmax, and retention index (RI) were measured and calculated. The measurement data in accordance with normal distribution were compared by two independent sample t-test. Results Among the 7 patients with liver RLH, 71.4% (5/7) patients had a single lesion, whereas 28.6% (2/7) patients had multiple lesions, amounting to 11 lesions in total, all of which were located under the liver capsule. The shape of the lesions was quasi-round or oval, the boundary was blurred, and the length diameter of lesions was 5.5–19.2 (14.9±1.2) mm. The results of the CT plain scan showed that the density of 11 lesions was homogeneous, of which 2 lesions showed isodensity and 9 lesions were hypodense. The CT value of 11 lesions was lower than that of adjacent hepatic parenchyma (42.1±3.1) HU, which was lower than that of adjacent hepatic parenchyma (55.9±1.5) HU, and the difference between them was statistically significant (t=−7.36, P<0.001). The results of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging showed that the 18F-FDG uptake of 63.6% (7/11) lesions was higher than that of liver parenchyma, of which SUVmax of 85.7% (6/7) lesions increased, and SUVmax of 14.3% (1/7) lesions decreased. The SUVmax values of early imaging and delayed imaging lesions were 6.2±0.4 and 6.8±0.7, respectively. RI was 12.2% (8.9%, 15.5%). The 18F-FDG uptake of 36.4% lesions was lower than or adjacent to the liver parenchyma, and SUVmax of delayed imaging had no significant change. SUVmax of early imaging and delayed imaging were 2.2±0.4 and 2.1±0.4, respectively. Conclusions Most of the liver RLH lesions were located under the liver capsule, showing homogeneous and slightly low-density lesions, and the boundary was blurred. 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging showed high 18F-FDG uptake in most lesions, equal or low uptake in a few lesions, increased SUVmax in delayed imaging, and similar or different patterns of 18F-FDG uptake in multiple lesions. -
表 1 7例肝反应性淋巴样组织增生患者(11个病灶)的临床资料及18F-FDG PET/CT影像特征
Table 1. Clinical data and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging features of 7 patients with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver (11 lesions)
患者
序号既往史 性别 年龄
(岁)病灶数
(个)病灶部位 形态 长径
(mm)CT值
(HU)早期显像
SUVmax延迟显像
SUVmaxRI(%) 肝左叶 肝右叶 椭圆形 类圆形 1 慢性乙型肝炎 男 59 3 2 1 2 1 16.9±1.9 41.7±3.1 6.2±1.1 6.6±2.7 3.3 2 慢性乙型肝炎 男 46 3 1 2 1 2 16.1±3.4 42.6±4.7 2.5±0.8 2.1±0.7 −1.4 3 自身免疫性肝炎合并肝硬化 女 77 1 − 1 1 − 15.0 45.0a 6.4 7.3 14.1 4 结肠癌 女 52 1 − 1 − 1 5.5 54.1a 1.4 2.2 57.1 5 乳腺癌 女 66 1 1 − − 1 17.0 43.7 7.7 8.9 15.8 6 肾乳头状癌 女 64 1 − 1 − 1 16.0 44.5 4.9 5.5 12.2 7 贲门平滑肌瘤 女 59 1 1 − − 1 12.0 41.0 5.6 6.1 8.9 注:a表示病灶CT值接近邻近肝实质;−表示无此项数据。FDG为氟脱氧葡萄糖;PET为正电子发射断层显像术;CT为计算机体层摄影术;SUVmax为最大标准化摄取值;RI为滞留指数 -
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