-
甲状腺癌是内分泌肿瘤和头颈肿瘤中常见的恶性肿瘤之一,近年来,甲状腺癌的发病率在全球多个国家(包括我国)和地区呈逐年上升的趋势[1]。2020年全球甲状腺癌新发病例数约为58万例,发病率在所有癌症中位居第11,研究者预计,2030年前后甲状腺癌将成为发病率位列第4的常见癌症[2]。部分DTC患者会发生远处转移[3],其早期诊断较为困难。患者间的差异和肿瘤的异质性决定了转移病灶的多样性,同时必然要求对患者进行个体化治疗。面对医疗资源不足、医疗水平参差不齐以及患者依从性差等问题,准确且快速地做出诊断并及时对患者进行治疗已成为所有医务工作者的共同目标。近年来,人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)技术的发展突飞猛进,深刻影响着人类的生活。AI与医疗卫生行业的结合极大地解决了目前医学领域面临的难题,AI应用于超声图像、细针穿刺细胞学、组织病理学及淋巴结转移等在诊断甲状腺癌方面取得了突破性的进展。
基于深度学习的人工智能应用于甲状腺癌诊断的进展
Application of artificial intelligence based on deep learning in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer
-
摘要: 近年来,甲状腺癌的发病人数不断增加,伴有转移的患者人数也不断增加,甲状腺癌及其远处转移的早期诊断和治疗是降低病死率的重要方法。人工智能(AI)技术飞速发展,其与医疗领域相结合,辅助甲状腺癌的早期诊断。笔者综述了基于深度学习的AI应用于超声图像、细针穿刺细胞学、组织病理学及淋巴结转移诊断甲状腺癌的研究进展,为将来AI应用于甲状腺癌的研究提供指导。Abstract: In recent years, the morbidity of thyroid cancer is increasing, and the metastasis of thyroid cancer is also growing, so the early diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer and distant metastasis are important methods to reduce mortality. Artificial intelligence(AI), as an emerging science and technology, is developing rapidly. The combination of AI and the medical field can provide an auxiliary role for the early diagnosis of thyroid cancer. This review focuses on the progress of AI based on deep learning for ultrasound images, fine needle puncture cytology, histopathology and lymphatic metastasis in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Furthermore, we provide guidance for the future application of AI in relation to thyroid cancer.
-
Key words:
- Thyroid neoplasms /
- Artificial intelligence /
- Deep learning /
- Diagnosis
-
[1] 中国临床肿瘤学会指南工作委员会. 中国临床肿瘤学会(CSCO)分化型甲状腺癌诊疗指南2021[J]. 肿瘤预防与治疗, 2021, 34(12): 1164−1201. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0904.2021.12.013.
Guidelines Working Committee of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology. Guidelines of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) differentiated thyroid cancer[J]. J Cancer Control Treat, 2021, 34(12): 1164−1201. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-0904.2021.12.013.[2] Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries[J]. CA Cancer J Clin, 2021, 71(3): 209−249. DOI: 10.3322/caac.21660. [3] Song HJ, Qiu ZL, Shen CT, et al. Pulmonary metastases in differentiated thyroid cancer: efficacy of radioiodine therapy and prognostic factors[J]. Eur J Endocrinol, 2015, 173(3): 399−408. DOI: 10.1530/EJE-15-0296. [4] Chan HP, Samala RK, Hadjiiski LM, et al. Deep learning in medical image analysis[M]//Lee G, Fujita H. Deep Learning in Medical Image Analysis. Cham: Springer, 2020: 3−21. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-33128-3_1. [5] Li MM, Dal Maso L, Vaccarella S. Global trends in thyroid cancer incidence and the impact of overdiagnosis[J]. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2020, 8(6): 468−470. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30115-7. [6] Wang L, Yang SJ, Yang S, et al. Automatic thyroid nodule recognition and diagnosis in ultrasound imaging with the YOLOv2 neural network[J/OL]. World J Surg Oncol, 2019, 17(1): 12[2022-03-20]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6325802/. DOI: 10.1186/s12957-019-1558-z. [7] Zhang B, Tian J, Pei SF, et al. Machine learning–assisted system for thyroid nodule diagnosis[J]. Thyroid, 2019, 29(6): 858−867. DOI: 10.1089/thy.2018.0380. [8] Chi JN, Walia E, Babyn P, et al. Thyroid nodule classification in ultrasound images by fine-tuning deep convolutional neural network[J]. J Digit Imaging, 2017, 30(4): 477−486. DOI: 10.1007/s10278-017-9997-y. [9] Li XC, Zhang S, Zhang Q, et al. Diagnosis of thyroid cancer using deep convolutional neural network models applied to sonographic images: a retrospective, multicohort, diagnostic study[J]. Lancet Oncol, 2019, 20(2): 193−201. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30762-9. [10] Peng S, Liu YH, Lv WM, et al. Deep learning-based artificial intelligence model to assist thyroid nodule diagnosis and management: a multicentre diagnostic study[J/OL]. Lancet Digit Health, 2021, 3(4): e250−e259[2022-03-20]. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2589-7500(21)00041-8. DOI: 10.1016/S2589-7500(21)00041-8. [11] Buda M, Wildman-Tobriner B, Hoang JK, et al. Management of thyroid nodules seen on us images: deep learning may match performance of radiologists[J]. Radiology, 2019, 292(3): 695−701. DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2019181343. [12] Kim HL, Ha EJ, Han MR. Real-world performance of computer-aided diagnosis system for thyroid nodules using ultrasonography[J]. Ultrasound Med Biol, 2019, 45(10): 2672−2678. DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.05.032. [13] Girolami I, Marletta S, Pantanowitz L, et al. Impact of image analysis and artificial intelligence in thyroid pathology, with particular reference to cytological aspects[J]. Cytopathology, 2020, 31(5): 432−444. DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12828. [14] Guan Q, Wang YJ, Ping B, et al. Deep convolutional neural network VGG-16 model for differential diagnosing of papillary thyroid carcinomas in cytological images: a pilot study[J/OL]. J Cancer, 2019, 10(20): 4876−4882[2022-03-20]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6775529/. DOI: 10.7150/jca.28769. [15] Bongiovanni M, Spitale A, Faquin WC, et al. The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology: a meta-analysis[J]. Acta Cytol, 2012, 56(4): 333−339. DOI: 10.1159/000339959. [16] Sanyal P, Mukherjee T, Barui S, et al. Artificial intelligence in cytopathology: a neural network to identify papillary carcinoma on thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology smears[J/OL]. J Pathol Inform, 2018, 9: 43[2022-03-20]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6289006/. DOI: 10.4103/jpi.jpi_43_18. [17] Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, et al. 2015 American Thyroid Association management guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer: the American Thyroid Association guidelines task force on thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer[J]. Thyroid, 2016, 26(1): 1−133. DOI: 10.1089/thy.2015.0020. [18] Hao YY, Choi Y, Babiarz JE, et al. Analytical verification performance of Afirma genomic sequencing classifier in the diagnosis of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules[J/OL]. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 2019, 10: 438[2022-03-20]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6620518. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00438. [19] Patel KN, Angell TE, Babiarz J, et al. Performance of a genomic sequencing classifier for the preoperative diagnosis of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules[J]. JAMA Surg, 2018, 153(9): 817−824. DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2018.1153. [20] Steward DL, Carty SE, Sippel RS, et al. Performance of a multigene genomic classifier in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology: a prospective blinded multicenter study[J]. JAMA Oncol, 2019, 5(2): 204−212. DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.4616. [21] Fu Y, Jung AW, Torne RV, et al. Pan-cancer computational histopathology reveals mutations, tumor composition and prognosis[J/OL]. Nat Cancer, 2020, 1(8): 800−810[2022-03-20]. https://www.nature.com/articles/s43018-020-0085-8. DOI: 10.1038/s43018-020-0085-8. [22] Wang YJ, Guan Q, Lao I, et al. Using deep convolutional neural networks for multi-classification of thyroid tumor by histopathology: a large-scale pilot study[J]. Ann Transl Med, 2019, 7(18): 468. DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.08.54. [23] Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. Integrated genomic characterization of papillary thyroid carcinoma[J]. Cell, 2014, 159(3): 676−690. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.050. [24] Tsou P, Wu CJ. Mapping driver mutations to histopathological subtypes in papillary thyroid carcinoma: applying a deep convolutional neural network[J/OL]. J Clin Med, 2019, 8(10): 1675[2022-03-20]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6832421. DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101675. [25] Wang H, Song B, Ye NR, et al. Machine learning-based multiparametric MRI radiomics for predicting the aggressiveness of papillary thyroid carcinoma[J]. Eur J Radiol, 2020, 122: 108755. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2019.108755. [26] Wu XL, Li MY, Cui XW, et al. Deep multimodal learning for lymph node metastasis prediction of primary thyroid cancer[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2022, 67(3): 035008. DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac4c47. [27] Yu JH, Deng YH, Liu TT, et al. Lymph node metastasis prediction of papillary thyroid carcinoma based on transfer learning radiomics[J]. Nat Commun, 2020, 11(1): 4807. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18497-3. [28] Yazdani Charati J, Janbabaei G, Alipour N, et al. Survival prediction of gastric cancer patients by Artificial Neural Network model[J]. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench, 2018, 11(2): 110−117. [29] Afshar S, Afshar S, Warden E, et al. Application of artificial neural network in miRNA biomarker selection and precise diagnosis of colorectal cancer[J]. Iran Biomed J, 2019, 23(3): 175−183. DOI: 10.29252/.23.3.175.
计量
- 文章访问数: 4120
- HTML全文浏览量: 2986
- PDF下载量: 31