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大脑灰质异位(heterotopic gray matter,HGM)是一种少见的先天发育异常,是神经元移行障碍性疾病之一,因胚胎时期神经元在增殖迁移的过程中受到干扰因素的影响而发生[1]。HGM的发病机制多认为是在胚胎发育的第12~20周,脑室表面生发基质中的神经元沿着呈放射状的神经胶质逐渐向外移行构成脑皮质,但在长达数月且过程十分复杂的神经元移行中,有诸多不良因素使得该过程发生障碍(如感染、中毒、缺血等),神经元不能到达正常部位,遂于白质中异常积聚,使灰质分布异常[2]。HGM主要的临床表现为难治性癫痫、智力及精神发育障碍,此外,其还可能导致运动系统受损等[3-4],但是这些临床表现并不是HGM特有的,故其鉴别诊断还需依靠影像学检查。
18F-FDG PET/CT-MRI三模式显像在大脑灰质异位诊断中的应用
Application of 18F-FDG PET/CT-MRI three-mode imaging in heterotopic gray matter
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摘要: 大脑灰质异位(HGM)是由于胚胎时期神经元移行中途受阻而在异常部位聚集所引起的一种少见的先天发育异常。笔者通过对HGM患者行18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)PET/CT-MRI三模式显像分析其影像学特征,以期提高对该病影像学表现的认识,从而进行准确诊断和及时治疗。Abstract: Heterotopic gray matter (HGM) is a rare congenital developmental abnormality caused by the accumulation of neurons in abnormal parts due to the blockage of neuronal migration in the embryonic stage. The authors analyzed the imaging characteristics of a patient with HGM by18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT-MRI three-mode imaging, in order to improve the understandingof the imaging manifestations of the disease, so as to facilitate accurate diagnosis and timely treatment.
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