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老年性骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)患者易发生骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,OVCF)。CT、X射线、MRI和99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像常用于OVCF的诊断,在确诊OVCF的患者中,MRI和99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像能鉴别新鲜与陈旧性OVCF,有利于临床尽早干预。本研究回顾性分析104例因急慢性腰背部疼痛行99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像的老年性OP患者的临床资料和其他影像学资料,评价99Tcm-MDP身骨显像对老年性OP患者新鲜OVCF的筛查价值。
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在104例因急慢性腰背部疼痛行99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像的老年性OP患者中共检出75例(72.1%)患有新鲜OVCF的患者,且急性疼痛组患者新鲜OVCF的检出率高于慢性疼痛组[87.2%(68/78)对26.9%(7/26),χ2=35.209,P<0.001];在60~69岁组、70~79岁组和≥80岁组患者中,新鲜OVCF的检出率分别为66.7%(28/42)、76.7%(33/43)、73.7%(14/19),差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.101,P>0.05);在60~69岁组、70~79岁组和≥80岁组中,发生急性疼痛的患者新鲜OVCF的检出率均高于发生慢性疼痛的患者(83.9%对18.2%、88.6%对25.0%、91.7%对42.9%,均P<0.05,表1)。
组别 急性疼痛 慢性疼痛 χ2值 P值 阳性
(n=68)阴性
(n=10)阳性
(n=7)阴性
(n=19)60~69岁组(n=42) 26(83.9) 5(16.1) 2(18.2) 9(81.8) 12.948 <0.001 70~79岁组(n=43) 31(88.6) 4(11.4) 2(25.0) 6(75.0) 11.398 <0.001 ≥80岁组(n=19) 11(91.7) 1(8.3) 3(42.9) 4(57.1) 5.456 0.020 注:阳性表示99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像检出新鲜骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的患者;阴性表示99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像未检出新鲜骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的患者。MDP为亚甲基二膦酸盐 表 1 不同年龄组的老年性骨质疏松症患者99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像对新鲜骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折检出率的比较[例(%)]
Table 1. Comparison of detection rates of fresh osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures by 99Tcm-MDP whole-body bone scan in geriatric patients with osteoporosis in different age groups (case (%))
在检出新鲜OVCF的75例患者中,15例患者(20.0%)有2个或2个以上椎体同时新发OVCF,其中2例患者因发生急性腰背部疼痛行99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像均检出4个以上椎体发生新鲜OVCF(图1A、B);其余60例患者(80.0%)均为单个椎体发生新鲜OVCF,其中3例患者前后2次因急性腰背部疼痛行99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像均检出新鲜OVCF。图1C、D所示的患者2年前因急性腰背部疼痛发现L3、L4椎体发生新鲜OVCF,经骨水泥治疗后转为慢性腰背部疼痛并逐渐缓解,2年后该患者再发急性腰背部疼痛,行99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像发现T7椎体有放射性异常浓聚,L3、L4椎体有放射性轻度浓聚,并已转为陈旧性OVCF。此外,有7例患者(9.3%)同时合并双侧或单侧多枚肋骨斜形条状放射性浓聚,诊断为肋骨新鲜骨折。
图 1 3例急性腰背部疼痛的老年性骨质疏松症患者的99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像图
Figure 1. 99Tcm-MDP whole-body bone scan images of 3 geriatric patients with osteoporosis after acute low back pain
MRI能够依据椎体T1、T2信号的长短来判断OVCF的新旧程度,99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像则可以依据放射性浓聚程度进行判断。如图2所示,1例慢性腰背部疼痛近期加重的74岁老年女性OP患者的X射线检查结果显示,其胸腰椎体均有不同程度的OVCF;99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像显示,其T12、L5椎体条状异常放射性浓聚,提示为新鲜OVCF,其余椎体轻度放射性浓聚,且多位于椎体边缘,为陈旧OVCF;MRI显示其T12、L5椎体呈长T1、长T2信号,提示为新鲜OVCF,其余椎体提示为陈旧性OVCF。
99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像对老年性骨质疏松症患者新鲜骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的筛查价值
Value of 99Tcm-MDP whole-body bone scan in screening fresh osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in geriatric patients with osteoporosis
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摘要:
目的 探讨99Tcm-亚甲基二膦酸盐(MDP)全身骨显像在老年性骨质疏松症(OP)患者发生急慢性腰背部疼痛时对新鲜骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(OVCF)的筛查价值。 方法 回顾性分析2017年1月至2019年12月于厦门大学附属中山医院因急慢性腰背部疼痛行99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像的104例老年性OP患者的临床资料和其他影像学资料,其中男性33例、女性71例,年龄62~88(78.8±7.7)岁。将患者根据年龄分为60~69岁组(42例)、70~79岁组(43例)和≥80岁组(19例);根据疼痛发作时间分为急性疼痛组(78例)和慢性疼痛组(26例)。参考X射线检查结果,分析所有患者的99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像图像,计算其对新鲜OVCF的检出率。组间比较采用χ2检验。 结果 99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像对104例老年性OP患者新鲜OVCF的检出率为72.1%(75/104),急性疼痛组患者新鲜OVCF的检出率高于慢性疼痛组[87.2%(68/78)对26.9%(7/26),χ2=35.209,P<0.001],60~69岁组、70~79岁组、≥80岁组患者新鲜OVCF的检出率分别为66.7%(28/42)、76.7%(33/43)、73.7%(14/19),差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.101,P>0.05)。在3个年龄组患者中,发生急性疼痛的患者新鲜OVCF的检出率均高于发生慢性疼痛的患者[83.9%(26/31)对18.2%(2/11)、88.6%(31/35)对25.0%(2/8)、91.7%(11/12)对42.9%(3/7),χ2=12.948、11.398、5.456,均P<0.05]。已检出的新鲜OVCF中累及单个椎体的患者占80.0%(60/75),累及2个及2个以上椎体的患者占20.0%(15/75)。 结论 99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像在老年性OP患者发生腰背部疼痛(特别是急性腰背部疼痛)时对新鲜OVCF具有临床筛查价值。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the value of 99Tcm-methylenediphosphonate (MDP) whole-body bone scan in screening fresh osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) in geriatric patients with osteoporosis (OP) and acute or chronic low back pain. Methods The clinical data and other imaging data of 104 geriatric patients with OP who underwent 99Tcm-MDP whole-body bone scan for acute or chronic low back pain in Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University from January 2017 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients included 33 males and 71 females aged 62–88 (78.8±7.7) years old. The patients were divided into 60–69 years old group (n=42), 70–79 years old group (n=43), and ≥80 years old group (n=19) according to their age and were divided into acute pain group (n=78) and chronic pain group (n=26) according to the pain onset time. With reference to X-ray examination results, the 99Tcm-MDP whole-body bone scan images of all patients were analyzed, and the detection rates of fresh OVCF were calculated. χ2 test was used for comparison among groups. Results The detection rate of fresh OVCF in 104 geriatric patients with OP by 99Tcm-MDP whole-body bone scan was 72.1% (75/104), and the detection rate of fresh OVCF in the acute pain group was higher than that in the chronic pain group (87.2% (68/78) vs. 26.9% (7/26), χ2=35.209, P<0.001). The detection rates of fresh OVCF in the three age groups were 66.7% (28/42), 76.7% (33/43), and 73.7% (14/19), respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=1.101, P>0.05). Among the three age groups, the detection rates of fresh OVCF in patients with acute pain was higher than that in patients with chronic pain (83.9% (26/31) vs. 18.2% (2/11), 88.6% (31/35) vs. 25.0% (2/8), 91.7% (11/12) vs. 42.9% (3/7); χ2=12.948, 11.398, 5.456; all P<0.05). Among the fresh OVCF detected, 80.0% (60/75) involved a single vertebral body, and 20.0% (15/75) involved two or more vertebral bodies. Conclusion 99Tcm-MDP whole-body bone scan has clinical screening value for fresh OVCF when low back pain (especially acute low back pain) occurs in geriatric patients with OP. -
表 1 不同年龄组的老年性骨质疏松症患者99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像对新鲜骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折检出率的比较[例(%)]
Table 1. Comparison of detection rates of fresh osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures by 99Tcm-MDP whole-body bone scan in geriatric patients with osteoporosis in different age groups (case (%))
组别 急性疼痛 慢性疼痛 χ2值 P值 阳性
(n=68)阴性
(n=10)阳性
(n=7)阴性
(n=19)60~69岁组(n=42) 26(83.9) 5(16.1) 2(18.2) 9(81.8) 12.948 <0.001 70~79岁组(n=43) 31(88.6) 4(11.4) 2(25.0) 6(75.0) 11.398 <0.001 ≥80岁组(n=19) 11(91.7) 1(8.3) 3(42.9) 4(57.1) 5.456 0.020 注:阳性表示99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像检出新鲜骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的患者;阴性表示99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像未检出新鲜骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的患者。MDP为亚甲基二膦酸盐 -
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