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上皮样血管内皮瘤(epithelioid hemangioendothelioma,EHE)是一种来源于内皮细胞的罕见的低度恶性肿瘤,可侵犯不同的器官和软组织[1]。其发病率极低,每年发病率约为1/10万。发病年龄为12~93岁,年龄跨度较大,发病高峰为30~40岁。最常见的部位是肝脏和肺,女性多见[2-3]。发生在肝脏的上皮样血管内皮瘤(hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma,HEHE)通常为多发病灶,鉴别诊断较为困难。本研究报道了一例HEHE患者的18F-FDG PET/CT及CT增强扫描的影像学特点及诊断过程,以供临床医师参考。
肝上皮样血管内皮细胞瘤18F-FDG PET/CT显像一例
18F-FDG PET/CT imaging of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: a case report
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摘要: 笔者介绍了1例肝上皮样血管内皮细胞瘤18F-FDG PET/CT显像的病例。从临床症状、实验室检查、病理学检查及影像学等方面分析该病的特点。并通过文献复习了解肝上皮样血管内皮细胞瘤的特点。该病发病率极低,早期症状不明显,不易被发现,且临床表现缺乏特异性,难以与常见肝脏肿瘤相鉴别,在临床上易造成误诊。且该病预后欠佳,目前认为最有效的治疗方法是肝移植或根治性手术切除。Abstract: A case of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma with 18F-FDG PET/CT whole-body imaging was reported. The characteristics of the disease were analyzed from clinical symptoms, laboratory and pathological examination, and imaging, and were understood through literature review. The disease has an extremely low incidence and the clinical manifestations are lack of specificity. It is not easy to be found in the early stage. It is difficult to be distinguished from common liver tumors, and easy to be misdiagnosed. The prognosis of the disease is poor. It is recognized at present that the most effective treatment is liver transplantation or radical resection.
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图 1 肝上皮样血管内皮瘤患者(女性,39岁)的18F-FDG PET/CT显像和肝脏Ⅲ期CT增强扫描图 图中,A:PET示肝脏代谢弥漫不均匀增高,局部代谢缺损;B:CT示肝脏体积增大伴密度弥漫不均匀减低,肝右叶示类圆形低密度病灶;C:PET/CT融合图像示肝右叶类圆形病灶中心代谢缺损,且肝左叶密度较低处代谢相对减低。D~F:分别为动脉期、门脉期和延迟期CT增强显像图,示肝右叶大部分呈明显强化,另肝右叶类圆形病灶边缘呈环形低密度,内侧呈环状相对高密度,中心呈低密度,由外到内“低-高-低”呈“靶征”强化,并可见肝右叶粗大血管穿行。FDG: 氟脱氧葡萄糖;PET:正电子发射断层显像术;CT:计算机体层摄影术
Figure 1. 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging and liver triple-phase contrast-enhanced CT images of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma(female,39 years old)
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