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尖锐湿疣(condyloma acuminata,CA)是由人乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)引起的一种性传播疾病[1]。据统计,美国女性人群中CA的发病率约为1.2/1000,男性约为1.1/1000[2]。CO2激光单独或联合药物治疗CA在临床中的应用已经超过20年,但存在疗效不理想且复发率高等缺点[3-4]。90Sr敷贴是利用放射性核素衰变时产生的β射线进行治疗的,对血管瘤、瘢痕疙瘩和跖疣等顽固性皮肤病有较好的治疗效果[5-8]。90Sr敷贴已被应用于CA的治疗并取得了令人满意的效果,但是,作为核医学领域的特色疗法,90Sr敷贴相比传统治疗的疗效如何,目前尚缺乏相关研究来评判。笔者对90Sr敷贴和CO2激光治疗CA患者的疗效进行Meta分析,旨在比较两种方法的疗效,为90Sr敷贴在CA中的应用提供数据支持。
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共检索出中文文献64篇,其中中国知网23篇、万方21篇、维普20篇,未检索到符合要求的英文文献。根据纳入和排除标准,共纳入3篇符合要求的中文文献,合计228例患者(刘秦元等在2010和2011年发表的2篇文献[10]和[11],因研究时间、治疗方案、结局效应不完全相同,作为2项独立研究)。入选文献均为干预性随机对照研究,发表时间为2003至2011年,观察指标均为治愈率、复发率和不良反应。采用文献[9]中的Jadad量表对纳入文献进行评价,结果见表1。
表 1 90Sr敷贴和CO2激光治疗尖锐湿疣临床疗效纳入文献的基本情况和质量评价
Table 1. Basic information and quality evaluation of included literatures about clinical curative effect of treating condyloma acuminata by 90Sr applicator and CO2 laser
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由图1可见,所有纳入文献的异质性检验结果为I2=0、P=0.685。纳入分析的研究文献之间不存在异质性,故采用固定效应模型进行Meta分析。与CO2激光治疗相比,90Sr敷贴治疗对CA治愈率影响的合并OR为1.05,95%CI为0.72~1.54,这说明在治愈率方面,90Sr敷贴治疗CA并不优于CO2激光治疗。
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由图2可见,所有纳入文献的异质性检验结果为I2=0、P=0.954。纳入分析的研究文献之间不存在异质性,故采用固定效应模型进行 Meta 分析。与CO2激光治疗相比,90Sr敷贴治疗对CA复发率影响的合并OR为0.06,95%CI为0.02~0.24。这提示90Sr敷贴治疗后CA复发风险是CO2激光治疗的1/16,复发率明显降低。
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由图3可见,纳入的3篇研究文献均分布于漏斗图形内,这提示纳入研究间不存在发表偏倚。Begg法检验结果也说明纳入文献间不存在发表偏倚(Z=0.045, P=0.602)。
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纳入的3篇文献中有2篇报道了不良反应。李艳等[12]报道的90Sr敷贴治疗组(90例)有6例出现局部疼痛,2例继发感染;CO2激光治疗组(60例)有35例出现局部疼痛,8例继发感染,5例治疗后形成瘢痕。经χ2检验后发现差异有统计学意义,提示90Sr敷贴治疗的不良反应发生率明显低于CO2激光治疗。刘秦元等[10]报道的39例患者在进行90Sr敷贴治疗后均未出现明显的全身反应,其中5例患者出现局部水肿,立即停止照射,未行特殊处理自行消退;3例患者局部破溃并有渗出,经局部清创、抗感染处理后愈合。
90Sr敷贴和CO2激光治疗尖锐湿疣临床疗效的Meta分析
Therapeutic efficacy of condyloma acuminata by using 90Sr applicator and CO2 laser: a meta-analysis
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摘要:
目的 分析评价90Sr敷贴和CO2激光两种疗法对尖锐湿疣(CA)的治疗效果。 方法 检索2000至2017年PubMed、中国知网、万方、维普等文献数据库收录的使用90Sr敷贴和CO2激光治疗CA患者的相关中英文文献,按照纳入和排除标准收集符合条件的文献,采用Jadad量表对纳入的文献进行质量评价,其标准采用0~5分记分法,≤2分为低质量证据,≥3分为高质量证据。计算纳入文献的合并比值比(OR)和95%可信区间(CI)。采用χ2检验进行文献异质性检验,采用Begg法和漏斗图法检验纳入文章的发表偏倚。 结果 共纳入3篇2003至2011年发表的相关文献,均为中文文献,合计228例患者。3篇文献的Jadad评分分别为4、4、3分。纳入的文献之间不存在异质性( 治愈率:I2=0、P=0.685;复发率:I2=0、P=0.954)。Begg法(Z=0.045,P>0.05)和漏斗图法检验结果显示,纳入的文献间不存在发表偏倚。在治愈率方面,与CO2激光治疗相比,90Sr敷贴治疗对CA治愈率影响的合并OR为1.05,95%CI为0.72~1.54;在复发率方面,与CO2激光治疗相比,90Sr敷贴治疗对CA复发率影响的合并OR为0.06,95%CI为0.02~0.24。 结论 90Sr敷贴与CO2激光治疗CA的疗效相似,但经90Sr敷贴治疗后的复发率更低。 Abstract:Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of 90Sr applicator and CO2 laser treatment on condyloma acuminata (CA). Methods Searched PubMed, China national knowledge infrastructure, Wanfang, cqvip, and other literature databases for Chinese and English articles related to the use of 90Sr applicator and CO2 laser treatment for patients with CA from 2000 to 2017. Eligible studies were collected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Jadad scal was used to evaluate the quality of the included articles. The standard used a 0–5 point scoring method. A score of ≤2 was regarded as low-quality evidence, and a score of ≥3 was regarded as high-quality evidence. Meta-analysis was performed on count data by using Stata 12.0 software to calculate pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). χ2 test was used to assess the heterogeneity of the articles, and Begg's test and funnel plot method were used to detect the publication bias of the included articles. Results This work included three eligible Chinese studies (a total of 228 patients) published from 2003 to 2011. The Jadad scores of the three articles were 4, 4, and 3 points, respectively. Heterogeneity was not detected among the included articles (cure rate: I2=0, P=0.685; recurrence rate: I2=0, P=0.954). The Begg's test (Z=0.045, P>0.05) and the funnel plot method showed no publication bias among the included articles. The merge OR of 90Sr applicator on the cure rate of CA was 1.05, with 95%CI of 0.72–1.54. The merge OR of 90Sr applicator on the recurrence rate of CA was 0.06, with 95%CI of 0.02–0.24. Conclusion 90Sr applicator is an effective clinical treatment that has similar therapeutic effects and lower recurrence rate than CO2 laser. -
Key words:
- Condylomata acuminata /
- Lasers, gas /
- Meta-analysis /
- 90Sr application
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表 1 90Sr敷贴和CO2激光治疗尖锐湿疣临床疗效纳入文献的基本情况和质量评价
Table 1. Basic information and quality evaluation of included literatures about clinical curative effect of treating condyloma acuminata by 90Sr applicator and CO2 laser
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