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肺动脉高压(pulmonary arterial hypertension, PAH)是一种病因复杂多样的肺血管疾病,其发病常累及右心室,右心室的衰竭是导致患者病死的主要原因[1]。在PAH发展进程中,右心室功能经历从代偿到失代偿的过程。在这一过程中,PAH患者除了心室结构和功能改变之外,其右心室心肌的代谢方式也由脂肪酸氧化供能向糖酵解供能转化[2]。有研究发现,右心室心肌18F-FDG摄取与PAH的严重程度有关,采用18F-FDG PET评估右心室心肌的葡萄糖摄取情况,对PAH患者的预后具有重要意义[3-4]。然而PAH分类复杂,其中动脉型PAH包括特发性肺动脉高压(idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension,IPAH)和先天性心脏病相关肺动脉高压(pulmonary arterial hypertension related to congenital heart disease,PAH-CHD)等。不同类型PAH的病理生理机制不同。不同类型PAH患者右心室心肌葡萄糖代谢的比较研究较少,尤其关于PAH-CHD右心室心肌葡萄糖代谢的研究更少,且均采用半定量指标测量右心室和(或)左心室心肌的18F-FDG摄取率[5]。本研究应用动态18F-FDG PET心肌代谢显像,采用绝对定量的葡萄糖代谢指标心肌葡萄糖利用率(rate of myocardium glucose utilization,rMGU),比较IPAH与PAH-CHD 2组患者右心室心肌葡萄糖代谢的差异,及其与右心导管检测的血流动力学指标的相关性。
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由表1可知,PAH-CHD组患者包括房间隔缺损6例、室间隔缺损5例、动脉导管未闭3例、房间隔缺损合并动脉导管未闭1例、室间隔缺损合并动脉导管未闭1例。PAH-CHD组患者的Qp/Qs为1.78±0.81。IPAH组和PAH-CHD组患者的mPAP和PVR之间的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05,表1)。
临床资料 IPAH组(n=26) PAH-CHD组(n=16) 检验值 P值 年龄(岁) 28.23±8.92 29.19±10.62 t=0.31 0.75 男性/女性(例) 9/17 6/10 − 0.85 空腹血糖(mmol/L) 4.46±0.64 4.73±0.75 t=1.23 0.23 纽约心功能分级 Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ(例) 0/15/9/2 3/7/6/0 − − LVEF(%) 56.26±12.17 61.44±9.35 t=1.45 0.15 Qp/Qs − 1.78±0.81 − − 先天性心脏病类型 ASD/VSD/PDA/ASD合并PDA/VSD合并PDA(例) − 6/5/3/1/1 − − mPAP(mm Hg) 59.85±16.46 69.75±18.93 t=1.79 0.81 DPAP(mm Hg) 42.73±14.47 51.81±17.91 t=−1.80 0.08 SPAP(mm Hg) 89.27±23.39 100.19±23.29 t=−1.48 0.15 PVR(Wood 单位) 13.45±7.42 10.86±4.45 t=−1.26 0.22 右心室 rMGU(μmol·g−1·min−1) 0.095±0.074 0.135±0.165 t=1.07 0.29 左心室 rMGU(μmol·g−1·min−1) 0.057±0.065 0.070±0.047 t=0.77 0.49 注:IPAH为特发性肺动脉高压;PAH-CHD为先天性心脏病相关肺动脉高压;LVEF为左心室射血分数;Qp/Qs为肺循环血流量与体循环血流量的比值;ASD为房间隔缺损;VSD为室间隔缺损;PDA为动脉导管未闭;mPAP为平均肺动脉压力;DPAP为舒张期肺动脉压力;SPAP为收缩期肺动脉压力;PVR为肺血管阻力;rMGU为心肌葡萄糖利用率。− 表示无此项数据。1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa 表 1 2组患者的临床资料
Table 1. Clinical characteristics of two group patients
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动态18F-FDG PET心肌代谢显像测得的IPAH组和PAH-CHD 组患者右心室rMGU 之间的差异均无统计学意义(均 P>0.05,表1)。典型病例的动态18F-FDG PET显像图见图1。
图 1 特发性肺动脉高压患者(A)和先天性心脏病相关肺动脉高压患者(B)右心室长轴动态18F-FDG PET显像图
Figure 1. The representative long-axis slices from 18F-FDG PET images of patient with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (A, male, 26 years old) and patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension related to congenital heart disease (B, female, 29 years old)
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IPAH组患者右心室的rMGU与mPAP存在正相关(图2 A),与PVR无相关性(图2 B);左心室的rMGU与mPAP、PVR均无相关性(r=0.173,P=0.400;r=0.062,P=0.770)。PAH-CHD组患者右心室的rMGU与mPAP、PVR均无相关性(图2 C、D);左心室的rMGU与mPAP、PVR也均无相关性(r=0.079,P=0.772;r=−0.247,P=0.357)。
图 2 IPAH组和PAH-CHD组患者右心室rMGU与mPAP(A、C)和PVR(B、D)相关性分析的散点图
Figure 2. Scatter plot of correlation analysis between right ventricular rate of myocardium glucose utilization and mean pulmonary artery pressure (A, C) and pulmonary vascular resistance (B, D) in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension related to congenital heart disease
特发性肺动脉高压与先天性心脏病相关肺动脉高压患者右心室心肌葡萄糖代谢的比较研究
A comparative study of right ventricular glucose metabolism between patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension related to congenital heart disease
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摘要:
目的 比较分析特发性肺动脉高压(IPAH)与先天性心脏病相关肺动脉高压(PAH-CHD)患者右心室心肌葡萄糖代谢的差异。 方法 选取2016年11月至2018年12月在中国医学科学院北京协和医学院阜外医院确诊的26例IPAH患者(IPAH组)[女性17例、男性9例,年龄(28.23±8.92)岁] 和16例PAH-CHD患者(PAH-CHD组) [女性10例、男性6例,年龄(29.19±10.62)岁]。所有患者均行动态18F-FDG PET心肌代谢显像,根据Patlak法计算得出右心室和左心室心肌葡萄糖利用率(rMGU)。显像后1周内患者接受右心导管检查,测定血流动力学指标。采用独立样本t检验比较2组的rMGU等指标;采用Pearson相关分析对2组患者右心室的rMGU与平均肺动脉压力(mPAP)或肺血管阻力的相关性进行分析。 结果 IPAH组与PAH-CHD组患者mPAP之间的差异无统计学意义 [(59.85±16.46) mm Hg 对(69.75±18.93) mm Hg,t=1.79,P=0.81](1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)。动态18F-FDG PET心肌代谢显像测得的2组患者右心室rMGU[(0.095±0.074) μmol·g−1·min−1 对(0.135±0.165) μmol·g−1·min−1]与左心室rMGU[(0.057±0.065) μmol·g−1·min−1 对(0.070±0.047) μmol·g−1·min−1] 之间的差异均无统计学意义(t=1.07, P=0.29;t=0.77,P=0.49)。IPAH组患者右心室的rMGU与mPAP存在正相关(r=0.420,P=0.033),但PAH-CHD组患者右心室的rMGU与mPAP无相关性(r=0.016,P=0.953)。 结论 mPAP无差异的IPAH和 PAH-CHD患者右心室心肌葡萄糖代谢水平无明显差异。 -
关键词:
- 肺动脉高压 /
- 正电子发射断层显像术 /
- 心肌代谢显像 /
- 心肌葡萄糖利用率 /
- 先天性心脏病
Abstract:Objective To analyze the glucose metabolism of right ventricle between patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension related to congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD). Methods From November 2016 to December 2018, 26 patients with IPAH (the IPAH group) (17 females, 9 males, 28.23±8.92 years old) and 16 patients with PAH-CHD (the PAH-CHD group) (10 females, 6 males, 29.19±10.62 years old) diagnosed in Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College were enrolled and underwent dynamic 18F-FDG PET myocardial metabolic imaging. The rate of myocardium glucose utilization (rMGU) of both the right and left ventricles was quantified via Patlak analysis. Within 1 week, right heart catheterization was performed in all subjects to evaluate pulmonary hemodynamic parameters. rMGU and other parameters were compared via independent sample t test. The relationship between rMGU and pulmonary vascular resistance and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) in the two groups of patients was analyzed via Pearson correlation analysis. Results No significant difference in mPAP was observed between patients in IPAH group and PAH-CHD group ((59.85±16.46) mm Hg) vs. (69.75±18.93) mm Hg, t=1.79, P=0.81) (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa). The right ventricular rMGU of patients in PAH-CHD group was not significantly different from that of patients in IPAH group ((0.135±0.165) μmol·g−1·min−1 vs. (0.095±0.074) μmol·g−1·min−1, t=1.07, P=0.29). Similarly, the left ventricular rMGU between the former ((0.070±0.047) μmol·g−1·min−1) and the latter ((0.057±0.065) μmol·g−1·min−1) was not significantly different (t=0.77, P=0.49). The right ventricular rMGU was significantly correlated with mPAP in patients with IPAH (r=0.420, P=0.033), but not in patients with PAH-CHD (r=0.016, P=0.953). Conclusion In patients with PAH-CHD and IPAH with no difference in mPAP, no significant difference in rMGU was found in both the right ventricles. -
图 1 特发性肺动脉高压患者(A)和先天性心脏病相关肺动脉高压患者(B)右心室长轴动态18F-FDG PET显像图
Figure 1. The representative long-axis slices from 18F-FDG PET images of patient with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (A, male, 26 years old) and patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension related to congenital heart disease (B, female, 29 years old)
图 2 IPAH组和PAH-CHD组患者右心室rMGU与mPAP(A、C)和PVR(B、D)相关性分析的散点图
Figure 2. Scatter plot of correlation analysis between right ventricular rate of myocardium glucose utilization and mean pulmonary artery pressure (A, C) and pulmonary vascular resistance (B, D) in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension related to congenital heart disease
表 1 2组患者的临床资料
Table 1. Clinical characteristics of two group patients
临床资料 IPAH组(n=26) PAH-CHD组(n=16) 检验值 P值 年龄(岁) 28.23±8.92 29.19±10.62 t=0.31 0.75 男性/女性(例) 9/17 6/10 − 0.85 空腹血糖(mmol/L) 4.46±0.64 4.73±0.75 t=1.23 0.23 纽约心功能分级 Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ(例) 0/15/9/2 3/7/6/0 − − LVEF(%) 56.26±12.17 61.44±9.35 t=1.45 0.15 Qp/Qs − 1.78±0.81 − − 先天性心脏病类型 ASD/VSD/PDA/ASD合并PDA/VSD合并PDA(例) − 6/5/3/1/1 − − mPAP(mm Hg) 59.85±16.46 69.75±18.93 t=1.79 0.81 DPAP(mm Hg) 42.73±14.47 51.81±17.91 t=−1.80 0.08 SPAP(mm Hg) 89.27±23.39 100.19±23.29 t=−1.48 0.15 PVR(Wood 单位) 13.45±7.42 10.86±4.45 t=−1.26 0.22 右心室 rMGU(μmol·g−1·min−1) 0.095±0.074 0.135±0.165 t=1.07 0.29 左心室 rMGU(μmol·g−1·min−1) 0.057±0.065 0.070±0.047 t=0.77 0.49 注:IPAH为特发性肺动脉高压;PAH-CHD为先天性心脏病相关肺动脉高压;LVEF为左心室射血分数;Qp/Qs为肺循环血流量与体循环血流量的比值;ASD为房间隔缺损;VSD为室间隔缺损;PDA为动脉导管未闭;mPAP为平均肺动脉压力;DPAP为舒张期肺动脉压力;SPAP为收缩期肺动脉压力;PVR为肺血管阻力;rMGU为心肌葡萄糖利用率。− 表示无此项数据。1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa -
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